ose and paranasalis sinus are the organs that play an important role as the front line of the body's defence in the lower air way to the microorganism and hazardous materials [1]. Its effectiveness depends on the integrity of mucociliary system called the mucociliary transport system [2]. It consists of ciliary cells of the respiratory epithelium, mucous -producing glands and mucous membranes N produced by goblet cells in epithelial and submucosal seromucinous glands. [3].

According to Waguespack (1995), several conditions which affect mucociliary transport were physiologic factor, air pollution, smoking, congenital disorder, rhinitis allergy, viral infection, bacterial infection, topical drugs, systemic drugs, preservatives, and surgery. [4].

Gas station is one of the places where pollution and discharge of gas or waste from vehicles that contained heavy metals such as lead or Plumbum (Pb) occurs, where Pb is the most dominant pollutant in the gas station [5]. Pb level in the air around the gas station is likely to be sucked thorough the air or even attached to the body tissue especially the skin (hair) [6]. Analysis of lead in hair has more advantages, because hair has longer memory period and even a permanent result. Head hair grows at an average speed of half an inch (1 inch = 2.54 centimeters) per month. Therefore, three inches of human hair can tell the history of the human body for six months [7]. Gas station position which near the highway makes it easier for officers to be exposed to lead pollutants from the smoke of the vehicles on the highway [8].

The Regional Environmental Agency has conducted a study about lead level at several points in Makassar in 2013, and the results found that the highest lead level is on the Ratulangi street with 1.319 µg/Nm 3 and the lowest is on Monginsidi street with 0,374 µg/Nm 3 [9]. Based on the results of Makassar Centre for Health and Occupational Safety (COHS) study about air quality monitoring in several points of vehicle's traffic, it can be seen that in the last three years, lead is still polluting Makassar even though gasoline without lead has been applied, however the pollution remains occur. In 2012, concentration of lead in the air was 0.528 µg/Nm 3 and in 2013, concentration of lead in the air became 0.592 µg/Nm 3 [9].

The study was conducted at Tamalanrea gas station and gas station of Gunung Bawakaraeng street in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province, for 1 month from August 2017 until September 2017.

The population is Tamalanrea gas station operators and gas operators of Gunung Bawakaraeng street in Makassar. Samples are the entire affordable population that met the inclusion criteria.

This is an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. Samples were taken at random, every gas station operators who fulfilled the study requirement, the identity will be recorded and then anamnesis and physical examination will be taken. Each samples will undergo mucociliary transport time examination using saccharin test, hair Pb level examination using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), and nasal cytogram examination to assess eosinophil and neutrophil.

The collected data is processed and presented in the form of tables and graphs. Data processing is analysed with statistical test using SPSS 22.0 version with unpaired t test and significance at the p<0.05 level.

An observational analytic study was conducted with cross sectional study design to determine the correlation between work duration of gas station operators with mucociliary transport time, hair Pb level, eosinophil and neutrophil count in nasal mucosa. This study was conducted in Tamalanrea gas station and in Gunung Bawakaraeng street in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province. For

The result of fisher test analysis shows no significant correlation between neutrophil in nasal mucosa of gas station operators in Makassar with p value=0,21 (p>0,05). There are 3 people (10%) in work duration < 1 year with abnormal neutrophil count and 12 normal people (40%). In work duration ? 1 year group, there are 6 people (20 %) with abnormal neutrophil count and 9 people (30%) with normal neutrophil count. (Table 4)

The major sample characteristics according to age is 15-23 years old with 23 people (76.7%), With the plenty amount of women than men, i.e. 18 people (60%). Munir D, 2010 stated that there was no significant difference in MCT time based on gender [10]. The influence of age and gender on MCT time is still not known clearly. Some researchers say that age and gender have no effect on the speed of mucociliary transport. Prijanto, 2002 suggested that nasal mucociliary transport is related to age, i.e. older age has a slower mucociliary transport rate than younger age. This is due to the possibility that older people are more exposed to air pollution [11].

The result of mucociliary transport time (MTT) comparison analysis between gas station operators with work duration <1 year and ? 1 year showed a significant correlation by using unpaired t test with p value = 0.01 (p <0.05) and mean value 8.48 (SD ± 4.49) for work duration <1 year group, and in work duration ? 1 year group, the mean value was 14.68 (SD ± 3.39). In work duration <1 year group, there are 4 people (13.33%) who experienced the disorder, this may be caused by the history of smoking and allergies. However, in the work duration ? 1 year group there are 3 normal people (10%), this may be caused by the use of maximum protective equipment and immune system of the operators. (Figure 1) Fig. 1: Comparison of Mucociliary Transport Time (MTT) between gas station operators with work duration < 1 year and ? 1 year Smoking can affect mucociliary transport time. This is due to the ciliostatic effects of tobacco smoke. Prolongation of mucociliary transport time may be caused by a decrease in the amount of cilia or mucus viscoelasticity changes. In addition, increased mucociliary transport time was also associated with an increase in smoking duration where subjects who smoked more than 5 years had a slower mucociliary transport time [12]. In the case of a very long rhinitis allergy, elongation of mucociliary transport time occurs and associated with alternation in nasal mucus flow features [13].

The result analysis of Pb level in gas station operator in Makassar between work duration <1 year and ? 1 year shows significant correlation by using unpaired t test with p value = 0.001 (p <0.05) and mean value 6.45 (SD ± 2.14) while mean value 10.92 (SD ± 1.89) for work duration ? 1 year group. In work duration <1 year group there is only 1 person (3.33%) with abnormal level of Pb, this may be due to the lack use of protective equipment, food and drinks or other factors. Poisoning caused by Pb metal compounds can occur due to the metal compounds entering the body. The process entry of Pb in the body can be through several routes, such as food and drink, air, permeation or penetration of the membrane or skin layer [6].

In the work duration ? 1 year group there are 9 people (30%) with normal Pb level, this may be due to the Threshold Limit Level of Pb at the gas station in Makassar below the mean value and there are 6 people (20%) with abnormal Pb level. Gas station operators who do not use protection equipment such as masks and gloves are susceptible to exposure of lead particles that came out directly from the gas waste-pipes and inhaled gasoline vapour at a higher rate compared to operators using protective equipment [6]. Fig. 2 V.

There is a significant correlation between work duration of gas station operators with mucociliary transport time and Pb level. The longer the work duration of gas station operators are the higher risk to have slower mucociliary transport time and risk of lead exposure.

There is no significant correlation between work duration with eosinophil and neutrophil.