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}{% \vskip8pt \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt } \usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos} \makeatother \usepackage{lineno} \linenumbers \begin{document} \author[1]{Leonardo de Azevedo Calderon} \affil[1]{ Universidade Federal de RondAnia} \renewcommand\Authands{ and } \date{\small \em Received: 13 December 2012 Accepted: 1 January 2013 Published: 15 January 2013} \maketitle \begin{abstract} The geographic distribution of Elachistocleis bicolor (Anura: Microhylidae) extends over several biomes in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Brazil. In Brazil, this species was reported to occur in the States of Amazonas, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo. The current study reports the first record of E. bicolor for the state of Rondônia, Brazil, extending its distribution in 350 km eastwards from closest records in Beni, Bolivia and 715 km southwestwards from closest records in Amazonas. \end{abstract} \keywords{} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1cm,1cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\LARGE Global Journals \LaTeX\ JournalKaleidoscope\texttrademark} \end{textblock*} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1.4cm,1.5cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\footnotesize \\ Artificial Intelligence formulated this projection for compatibility purposes from the original article published at Global Journals. However, this technology is currently in beta. \emph{Therefore, kindly ignore odd layouts, missed formulae, text, tables, or figures.}} \end{textblock*} \let\tabcellsep& \section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par he frog Elachistocleis bicolor Guérin Méneville, 1838 (Figure {\ref 1}) belongs to the Microhylidae family \hyperref[b28]{(Lavilla et al. 2003}; \hyperref[b39]{Rodrigues et al. 2003)}. The taxonomy of the species from the genus Elachistocleis are controversial and have undergone several changes \hyperref[b28]{(Lavilla et al. 2003}; Thomé and Brasileiro 2007). \hyperref[b28]{Lavilla et al. (2003)} remove E. bicolor from synonymy with E. ovalis Schneider 1799, which is widely distributed in South America \hyperref[b21]{(Frost 2009}). The occurrence of E. ovalis in syntopy with other congeneric species of the genus and also taxonomically problematic can lead to unreliable identifications \hyperref[b26]{(Kwet and Di Bernardo 1998;}\hyperref[b28]{Lavilla et al. 2003)}. According to De La Riva et al. 2000, considerable confusion took place in the past regarding the identity of E. bicolor vs. E. ovalis, whose main external difference is the ventral coloration (see \hyperref[b20]{Frost 1985)}. Today most authors apply the name E. bicolor to the frogs with an immaculate venter (De La Riva et al. 2000).\par The geographic distribution of this specie extends over several biomes, including Amazonia, In this work we report the first record of E. bicolor for the state of Rondônia, in southwestern Brazil, in a transitional region between the Cerrado and the Amazonian forest biomes. One male and three female of E. bicolor were collected at the municipality of Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, in an area of forested land on a private farm (08°43'09" S, 63°51'64" W), on 13 February 2009 by DBH. Specimens were identified according to De La Riva et al. {\ref (1996,} {\ref 2000)}, \hyperref[b21]{Frost (2009)}, and \hyperref[b39]{Rodrigues et al. (2003)}.\par These new records extend the geographic distribution of E. bicolor about 350 km eastwards from closest records in Beni, Bolivia (10°58'59.98" S, 66°06'00" W) and 715 km southwestwards from closest records in Amazonas, Brazil (03°18'15" S, 60°37'03" W) (Figure {\ref 2}). Voucher specimens were deposited in the anuran \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png} \caption{\label{fig_0}}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{12}\includegraphics[]{image-3.png} \caption{\label{fig_1}Figure 1 :Figure 2 :}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-4.png} \caption{\label{figure4}}\end{figure} \backmatter \subsection[{Acknowledgements}]{Acknowledgements}\par The authors are grateful to Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) for de license expedition (17983-2), Fundação de Tecnologia do Acre (FUNTAC) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for financial support. \begin{bibitemlist}{1} \bibitem[ Miscelánea]{b1}\label{b1} \textit{}, \textit{Miscelánea} 12 p. . \bibitem[Sul]{b3}\label{b3} \textit{}, Brasil Sul . \textit{Revista Brasileira de Zoologia} 21 (4) p. . \bibitem[ Boletin de la Sociedad Zoologica del Uruguay]{b33}\label{b33} \textit{}, \textit{Boletin de la Sociedad Zoologica del Uruguay} 16 p. . \bibitem[ Iheringia Série Zoologica]{b41}\label{b41} \textit{}, \textit{Iheringia Série Zoologica} 98 (2) p. . \bibitem[Aceñolaza et al. 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