@incollection{, 778B2FF4A5AD6DAF039997A97AFB4D13 , author={{JemberuAlemu} and {GezahegneMamo} and {GobenaAmeni} and {Gambella University, Ethiopia}}, journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}}, journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1551527 } @book{b0, , title={{Cross sectional study of bovine tuberculosis in Butajira municipal abattoir}} , author={{ MAbdurohaman }} , publisher={South West Ethiopia. Global Vete2009} 6 } @book{b1, , title={{Bovine tuberculosis on small scale dairy farms in Adama Town, central Ethiopia, and farmer awareness of the disease.Rev sci techOffintEpiz}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { AErkihun }} , year={2007} 3 } @incollection{b2, , title={{High Prevalence and I ncreased Severity of Pathology of BovineTuberculos is in Holsteins Compared to Zebu Breeds under Field Cattle Husbandry in Central Ethiopia}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { AAseffa } and { HEngers } and { DYoung } and { SGordon } and { GHewinson } and { MVordermeier }} , journal={{CVI}} 14 , year={2007} } @book{b3, , title={{Cattle husbandry in Ethiopia is a predominant factor for affecting the pathology of bovine tuberculosis and gamma interferon response to mycobacterial antigens}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { AAseffa } and { HEngers } and { DYoung } and { GHewinson } and { MVordermeier }} , year={Clinvaccimmunol2006} 13 } @incollection{b4, , title={{A cross sectional study on bovine tuberculosis in selected dairy farms in Ethiopia}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { PBonnet } and { MTibbo }} , journal={{Intr J Applied res vet med2003}} 4 } @incollection{b5, , title={{Molecular typing of Mycobacterium bovis isolated from tuberculosis lesions of cattle in north eastern Ethiopia}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { FDesta } and { RFirdessa }} , journal={{Vet Rec}} 167 , year={2010a} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis between Farmers and Cattle in Central Ethiopia}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { KTadesse } and { EHailu } and { YDeresse } and { GMedhin } and { AAseffa } and { GHewinson } and { MVordermeier } and { SBerg }} , journal={{PLOS ONE2013}} 8 } @incollection{b7, , title={{Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in grazing cattle in central Ethiopia}} , author={{ GAmeni } and { MVordermeier } and { RFirdessa } and { AAseffa } and { GHewinson } and { VGStephen } and { SBerg }} , journal={{Vet J2011}} 188 } @book{b8, , title={{Dental development, Merck Veterinary Manual}} , author={{ HEAmstutz }} , year={1998} , address={Philadelphia} , note={8th Ed} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Epidemiology of selected mycobacteria that infect humans and other animals, Scientific and Technical Review}} , author={{ DAAshford } and { EWhitney } and { PRaghunathan } and { OCosivi }} , journal={{OIE2001}} 20 } @book{b10, , title={{Bovine tuberculosis: a cross sectional and epidemiological study in and around Addis Ababa.B Ani H PrnAfr2000}} , author={{ BAsseged } and { ALubke-Becker } and { ELemma } and { KTaddele } and { SBritton }} 48 } @book{b11, , title={{Action Plan Of Adaptation To Climatic Change" Gambella national regional states woredas}} , author={{ HBehailu } and { MTsedal } and { AJemal } and { GKatckos } and { RWeshik } and { GAsere } and { Hailet } and { ABanjo } and { ZWasihun } and { UUmode }} , year={2011} } @incollection{b12, , title={{Strain Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Afar Pastoral Region of Ethiopia}} , author={{ MBelay } and { GAmeni } and { GBjune } and { DCouvin } and { NRastogi } and { FAbebe }} , journal={{Bio Med Research}} 4 , year={Inter2014} } @incollection{b13, , title={{The burden of Mycobacterial disease in Ethiopian cattle: implications for public health}} , author={{ SBerg } and { RFirdessa } and { MHabtamu } and { EGadisa } and { AMengistu } and { LYamuah } and { GAmeni } and { MVordermeier } and { BDRobertson } and { NHSmith } and { HEngers } and { DYoung } and { RGHewinson } and { AAseffa } and { SVGordon }} , journal={{PLOS ONE}} 4 5068 , year={2009} } @incollection{b14, , title={{African 2, a clonal complex of Mycobacterium bovis epidemiologically important in East Africa}} , author={{ SBerg } and { MCGarcia-Pelayo } and { BMuller } and { EHailu } and { BAsiimwe } and { KKremer } and { JDale }} , journal={{J Bact2011}} 193 } @book{b15, , title={{Investigation of the high rates of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia reveals no single driving factor and minimal evidence for zoonotic transmission of Mycobacterium bovis infection}} , author={{ SBerg } and { ESchelling } and { EHailu } and { RFirdessa } and { BGumi } and { GErenso } and { EGadisa } and { AMengistu } and { MHabtamu } and { JHussein } and { TKiros } and { SBekele } and { WMekonnen } and { YDerese } and { JZinsstag } and { GAmeni } and { SGagneux } and { BDRobertson } and { RTschopp } and { GHewinson } and { LYamuah } and { SVGordon } and { AAseffa }} , year={2015} 112 } @book{b16, , title={{Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium bovisisolates from Ethiopian cattle. BMC Vet Res2010a}} , author={{ DBiffa } and { ESkjerve } and { JOloya } and { ABogale } and { FAbebe } and { UDahle } and { JBohlin } and { BDjønne }} 6 28 } @incollection{b17, , title={{Bovine Tuberculosis: A cross-sectional and epidemiological study in and around Addis Ababa}} , author={{ ABogale } and { ALubke-Beker } and { ELemma } and { TKiros } and { SBRitton }} , journal={{Bull AnimHlth ProdAfri}} 48 , year={2001} } @book{b18, , title={{A new evolutionary scenario for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex}} , author={{ RBrosch } and { SVGordon } and { MMarmiesse } and { PBrodin } and { CBuchrieser } and { KEiglmeier } and { TGarnier } and { CGutierrez } and { GHewinson } and { KKremer } and { LMParsons } and { ASPym } and { SSamper } and { DVan Soolingen } and { ColeSt }} , year={2002} 99 Proceeding of the National Academy of Science, USA } @book{b19, , title={{Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia}} , year={2007} , address={Addis Ababa, Ethiopia} , note={Central statistical agency (CSA)} } @book{b20, , title={{Federal democratic republic of Ethiopia central statistical agency agricultural sample survey, volume II report on livestock and livestock characteristics (private peasant holdings)}} , year={2010/2011} , note={Central statistical agency (CSA)} } @book{b21, , title={{Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia}} , year={2013} , address={Addis Ababa, Ethiopia} , note={Central statistical agency (CSA)} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Lung Specimen of Slaughtered Cattle and Goats by a DNA Based multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction and Ziehl-Neelsen Methods In Jos}} , author={{ IDChukwu } and { COChukwu } and { YTKandakai-Olukemi } and { OOwolodun } and { CNwosuh } and { GOAgada } and { Audu } and { Bj } and { SCChollom }} , journal={{Nigeria. Br Mic Res J}} 3 , year={2013} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Mycobacterium bovis in rural Tanzania: risk factor for infection in cattle and human populations}} , author={{ SCleaveland } and { DJShaw } and { SGMfinanga } and { GShirima } and { RRKazwala } and { EEblate } and { MSharpe }} , journal={{Tuberculosis}} 87 , year={2007} } @book{b24, , title={{Postmortem diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. 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Emer inf Dis}} , year={1998} 4 } @incollection{b27, , title={{Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopian slaughter cattle based on post-mortem examination}} , author={{ BDemelash } and { FInangolet } and { Oloyaj } and { BAsseged } and { MBadaso } and { AYilkal } and { ESkjerve }} , booktitle={{Trop Ani H Prn2009}} 41 } @incollection{b28, , title={{Seasonal prevalence of bovine tuberculosis lesion in cattle slaughtered in Yola abattoirs}} , author={{ EFEjeh } and { IFMarkus } and { ASEjeh } and { JAMusa } and { FALawan } and { JAAmeh } and { ACKudi } and { SibCadmus }} , journal={{Bangl J Vet Med2013}} 11 } @book{b29, , title={{Bovine Tuberculosis Prevalence in Slaughtered Cattle at Akaki Municipal Abattoir Based on Meat Inspection Methods. Glob Veterinaria2012}} , author={{ LEwnetu } and { AMelaku } and { ABirhanu }} 5 } @book{b30, , title={{Zoonotic Transmission of Tuberculosis Between Pastoralists and Their Livestock in South-East Ethiopia}} , author={{ BGumi } and { ESchelling } and { SBerg } and { RFirdessa } and { GErenso } and { WMekonnen } and { EHailu } and { EMelese } and { JHussein } and { AAseffa } and { JZinsstag }} , year={2012} 9 } @book{b31, , title={{A brief analysis of activities of meat inspection and quarantine division Department of Veterinary Service, Ministry of Agriculture}} , author={{ SHailemariam }} , year={1975} , address={Addis Ababa, Ethiopia} } @incollection{b32, , title={{Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology}} , author={{ JLKamerbeek } and { ASchouls } and { MKolk } and { DVan Agderveld } and { SVan Soolingen } and { AKuijper } and { HBunschoten } and { RMolhuizen } and { MShaw } and { JdaGoyal } and { VEmbden }} , journal={{J Clinical Microbiol1997}} 35 } @incollection{b33, , title={{Isolation of Mycobacterium Bovis from Human Sputum in Zambia: Public Health and Diagnostic Significance}} , author={{ SMalama } and { JBMuma } and { FOlea-Popelka } and { GMbulo }} , journal={{J Infect Dis Ther2013}} 1 3 } @book{b34, , title={{Bovine tuberculosis and its associated risk factors in pastoral and agro-pastoral cattle herds of Afar Region}} , author={{ GMamo } and { FAbebe } and { YWorku } and { NHussein } and { MLegesse } and { GTilahun } and { GMedhin } and { GBjune } and { GAmeni }} , year={2013} 6 , address={Northeast Ethiopia} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Tuberculosis in Goats and Sheep in Afar Pastoral Region of Ethiopia and Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Goat}} , author={{ GMamo } and { FAbebe } and { YWorku } and { MLegesse } and { GMedhin } and { GBjune } and { GAmeni }} , journal={{Vet Med Inter}} 10 , year={2012} } @book{b36, , title={{Zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis induced Tuberculosis in Humans}} , author={{ BMüller } and { SDürr } and { SAlonso } and { JHattendorf } and { CjmLaisse } and { DCSven } and { PDParsons } and { JZinsstag }} , year={2013} 19 , note={EmeInfec Dis} } @incollection{b37, , title={{Epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Butajira, southern Ethiopia. A cross sectional abattoir based study}} , author={{ BNemomsa } and { GGebrezgabeher } and { TBirhanu } and { GTadesse } and { BGetachew }} , journal={{AJMBR2014}} 33 } @book{b38, , title={{A guide to condition scoring zebu cattle, International livestock center for Africa (ILCA)}} , author={{ MJNicholson } and { MAButterworth }} , year={1986} , address={Addis Ababa, Ethiopia} } @book{b39, , title={{Bovine Tuberculosis. World organization for animal health manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals (mammals, birds and bees) 6 th Ed}} , year={2009} , address={Paris} , note={Office of international des epizootics (OIE)} } @book{b40, , author={{ MPal } and { Zoonoses }} , title={{Satyam publishers}} Jaipur, India , year={2007} 2 } @book{b41, , title={{Diseases caused by mycobacterium. In: veterinary medicine, a text book of disease of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses}} , author={{ OMRadostits } and { DCBlood } and { CCGay }} , year={1994} 8 , address={London, Baillieretindu} , note={th ed} } @book{b42, , title={{Veterinary Medicine. A text book of the disease of cattle, sheep, pig, goat and horses}} , author={{ OMRadostits } and { CCGay } and { KWHinchelift } and { PDConstabel }} , year={2007} , publisher={Elsevier} 10 , address={London} } @incollection{b43, , title={{Across sectional study on bovine tuberculosis in Hawassa town and its surroundings, Southern Ethiopia}} , author={{ ARegassa } and { ATassew } and { KAmenu } and { BMegersa } and { FAbuna } and { BMekibib } and { TMarcotty } and { GAmeni }} , journal={{TAHP}} 42 , year={2010} } @book{b44, , title={{Epidemiology of Mycobacterial infections in cattle in two districts of Western Tigray Zone, northern Ethiopia. AFJMBR2013}} , author={{ GRomha } and { GAmeni } and { GBerhe } and { GMamo }} 31 } @book{b45, , title={{Highlighting the parallels between human and animal tuberculosis. J of vet med edu2003}} , author={{ DGRussel }} 30 } @incollection{b46, , title={{Bovine tuberculosis infection in animal and human populations in Ethiopia: A review}} , author={{ JEShitaye } and { WTsegaye } and { IPavlik }} , journal={{Vet Med200}} 8 } @incollection{b47, , title={{Bottle necks and broomsticks: the molecular evolution of Mycobacterium bovis}} , author={{ NHSmith } and { SVGordon } and { RDe La Rua-Domenech } and { Clifton-Hadley } and { RSHewinson } and { RG }} , journal={{NRM2006}} 4 } @incollection{b48, , title={{Preliminary study on prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle owned by tuberculosis positive and negative farmers and assessment of zoonotic awareness in Ambo and Toke Kutaye districts}} , author={{ FTamiru } and { MHailemariam } and { WTerfa }} , journal={{Ethiopia. J Vet Med AH}} 5 , year={2013} } @incollection{b49, , title={{Tuberculous lesions not detected by routine abattoir inspection: the experience of the Hossana municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia}} , author={{ ATeklu } and { BAsseged } and { EYimer } and { Gebeyehum } and { ZWoldesenbet }} , journal={{Rev Scieet Tech OIE2004}} 23 } @book{b50, , title={{Pathogenesis of M. bovis. In: mycobacterium bovis infection in animals and humans. Ames: Iowa state university}} , author={{ COThoen } and { BRBloom }} , year={1995} } @book{b51, , title={{Sampling in Veterinary Epidemiology}} , author={{ MThrusfield }} , year={2005} , publisher={Blackwell Science Ltd} 3 , address={London} } @incollection{b52, , title={{Preliminary study on public health implication of bovine tuberculosis in Jima town south western Ethiopia}} , author={{ WTigre } and { GAlemayehu } and { TAbetu } and { BDeressa }} , booktitle={{Glob veterinaria2011}} 4 } @incollection{b53, , title={{Spatial Analysis of Livestock Production Patterns in Ethiopia, Development Strategy and Governance Division}} , author={{ HTilahune } and { ESchmidt }} , journal={{International Food Policy Research Institute -Ethiopia Strategy Support Program II}} , year={2012} } @incollection{b54, , title={{Conventional and Molecular Epidemiology of Bovine Tuberculosis in Dairy Farms in Addis Ababa City, the Capital of Ethiopia}} , author={{ WTsegaye } and { AAseffa } and { AMache } and { YMengistu } and { GBerg S Ameni }} , journal={{Global Tuberculosis Control Epidemiology}} 8 , year={Med2010. 2014. 2009} , publisher={WHO press} , note={Intern J Appl Res} } @incollection{b55, , title={{Gross and Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Mekelle Town Municipal Abattoir, Northern Ethiopia}} , author={{ FZeru } and { GRomha } and { GAmeni }} , booktitle={{Glob Vet2013}} 5 } @incollection{b56, , title={{Cultural and molecular detection of zoonotic tuberculosis and its public health impacts in selected districts of Tigray region}} , author={{ SWZeweld }} , journal={{Ethiopia. Sokoto J Vet Sc2014}} 12 }