@incollection{,
	
					
					
					378DD9FFA1CE2FDC4987C87C2A51BED6
					,
	note={Year 2015}
				,
	author={{Ehab EL-SayedIbrahim} and {Veterinary serum and vaccine research Institute, Cairo, Egypt}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}},
	journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}153112
}

@incollection{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Aspects of the persistence of foot-andmouth disease virus in animals--the carrier problem}}
		,
	author={{
			SAlexandersen
		} and {
			ZZhang
		} and {
			AIDonaldson
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Microbes Infect}}
		
			4
			
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@incollection{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Foot-and-mouth disease: host range and pathogenesis}}
		,
	author={{
			SAlexandersen
		} and {
			NMowat
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{And persistent infection Plos One}}
		
			288
			9
			e44365
			,
	year={2005. 2012}
		
	
	,
	note={Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.}

}

@incollection{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Binary ethylenimine as an inactivant for foot-and-mouth disease virus and its application for vaccine production}}
		,
	author={{
			HGBahnemann
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Arch Virol}}
		
			47
			
			,
	year={1975}
		
	

}

@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oiladjuvant vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease}}
		,
	author={{
			HGBahnemann
		} and {
			JAMesquita
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Boletin del Centro Panamericano Fiebre Aftosa}}
		
			53
			
			,
	year={1987}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Evidence that high potency foot-and-mouth disease vaccine inhibits local virus replication and prevents the "carrier" state in sheep}}
		,
	author={{
			PVBarnett
		} and {
			PKeel
		} and {
			SReid
		} and {
			RMArmstrong
		} and {
			RJStatham
		} and {
			CVoyce
		} and {
			NAggarwal
		} and {
			SJCox
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vaccine}}
		
			12
			9
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Foot-and-mouth disease vaccination induces cross-reactive IFN-? responses in cattle that are dependent on the integrity of the 140S particles}}
		,
	author={{
			DBucafusco
		} and {
			DiGiacomo
		} and {
			SPega
		} and {
			JSchammas
		} and {
			JMCardoso
		} and {
			NCapozzo
		} and {
			AVPerez-Filgueira
		} and {
			M
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Virology}}
		
			476
			
			,
	year={2015}
		
	

}

@book{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Adjuvants for foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines: recent progress Expert Rev Vaccines}}
		,
	author={{
			YCao
		}}
		
			,
	year={2014}
			13
			
		
	

}

@book{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			BVCarr
		} and {
			EALefevre
		} and {
			MAWindsor
		} and {
			Inghese
		}}
		
		
		
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{CD4+ T-cell responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccinated cattle}}
		,
	author={{
			CGubbins
		} and {
			SPrentice
		} and {
			HJuleff
		} and {
			NDCharleston
		} and {
			B
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J. Gen Virol}}
		
			94
			
			,
	year={2013}
		
	
	,
	note={Pt 1}

}

@book{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			YVCavalcanti
		} and {
			MCBrelaz
		}}
		
		
			,
	address={Neves JK, Ferraz}
		
	

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{Role of TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma, and IL-10 in the Development ofPulmonary Tuberculosis}}
		,
	author={{
			JC
		} and {
			PereiraVr
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Pulm Med}}
		
			2012
			745483
			,
	year={2012. 2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Demonstration of bovine CD8+ T-cell responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus}}
		,
	author={{
			AJChilderstone
		} and {
			LCedillo-Baron
		} and {
			MFoster-Cuevas
		} and {
			RMParkhouse
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Gen Virol}}
		
			80
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	
	,
	note={Pt 3}

}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Experimental evaluation of foot-and mouth disease vaccines for emergency use inruminants and pigs}}
		,
	author={{
			SJCox
		} and {
			PVBarnett
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vet. Res. Vet}}
		
			40
			3
			13
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Enhanced mucosal immunoglobulin A response and solid protection against foot-andmouth disease virus challenge induced by a novel dendrimeric peptide}}
		,
	author={{
			CCubillos
		} and {
			BGDe La Torre
		} and {
			AJakab
		} and {
			GClementi
		} and {
			EBorras
		} and {
			JBarcena
		} and {
			DAndreu
		} and {
			FSobrino
		} and {
			EBlanco
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Virology}}
		
			82
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{Formalin-Treated Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus: Comparison of Two Adjuvants in Cattle}}
		,
	author={{
			CunliffeHr
		} and {
			JHGraves
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Can J Comp Med Vet Sci}}
		
			27
			8
			
			,
	year={1963. 1963 Aug}
		
	

}

@book{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			PDar
		} and {
			RKalaivanan
		} and {
			NSied
		} and {
			BMamo
		} and {
			SKishore
		} and {
			VVSuryanarayana
		} and {
			GKondabattula
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
			,
	year={2013}
		
	

}

@incollection{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{Montanide ISA? 201 adjuvanted FMD vaccine induces improved immune responses and protection in cattle}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vaccine}}
		
			,
	year={2013 Jul 18}
		
	

}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in the intestinal tract}}
		,
	author={{
			VDelcenserie
		} and {
			DMartel
		} and {
			MLamoureux
		} and {
			JAmiot
		} and {
			YBoutin
		} and {
			RoyD
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Curr Issues Mol Biol}}
		
			10
			1-2
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@incollection{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Update on epidemiology and control of foot and mouth disease -A menace to international trade and global animal enterprise}}
		,
	author={{
			PMDepa
		} and {
			UDimri
		} and {
			MCSharma
		} and {
			RTiwari
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vet. World}}
		
			5
			11
			
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@book{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Immunosuppression during acute infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus in swine is mediated by}}
		,
	author={{
			Diaz-San
		} and {
			FSegundo
		} and {
			TRodriguez-Calvo
		} and {
			AAvila
		} and {
			NSevilla
		}}
		
		
		
		
		IL-10
		
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@book{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			Diaz-San
		} and {
			FSegundo
		} and {
			MPMoraes
		} and {
			TDe Los Santos
		} and {
			CCDias
		} and {
			Grubman
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
	

}

@incollection{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interferon-induced protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus infection correlates with enhanced tissue-specific innate immune cell infiltration and interferon-stimulated gene expression}}
		,
	author={{
			MJ
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{J. Virol}}
		
			84
			4
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{The comparison of the efficacy of swine FMD vaccine emulsified with oil adjuvant of ISA 201 VG or ISA 206 VG}}
		,
	author={{
			DongLi
		} and {
			ChunxueZhou
		} and {
			DaliangShe
		} and {
			PinghuaLi
		} and {
			PuSun
		} and {
			XingwenBai
		} and {
			YingliChen
		} and {
			BaoxiaXie
		} and {
			ZaixinLiu
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Biosciences and Medicines}}
		
			1
			
			,
	year={2013. 2013}
		
	

}

@incollection{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Emergency vaccination of cattle against foot-and-mouth disease confers complete clinical protection in 7 days and partial protection in 4 days}}
		,
	author={{
			MEbeid
		} and {
			FKHamouda
		} and {
			MFarag
		} and {
			SEMahdy
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{4th Sci. Conf., Al-Kasr 25-28 Fac}}
				Egypt
		
			,
	year={2011}
		
		
			Benha University
		
	

}

@incollection{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{ISA 206 used in trivalent FMD vaccine}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vet. World}}
		
			201
		
	
	,
	note={ISA. under press}

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{Foot-and-mouth disease caused by serotype SAT2 in Egypt and Libya: A regional concern for animal health in North Africa and the Middle East}}
		,
	author={{
			Fao
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{EMPRES WATCH}}
		
			25
			,
	year={2012. March 2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Prubade microneutralization poraestudies de anticueropos de la fibrea fsta 13 th Centropanamericano Fiebre Aftosa}}
		,
	author={{
			ME VFerreira
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Front Cell Infect Microbiol}}
		
			16
			21/22
			93
			,
	year={1976}
		
	

}

@incollection{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{Chimpanzee adenovirus-and MVA-vectored respiratory syncytial virus vaccine is safe and immunogenic in adults}}
		,
	author={{
			CAGreen
		} and {
			EScarselli
		} and {
			CJSande
		} and {
			AJThompson
		} and {
			CMDe Lara
		} and {
			KSTaylor
		} and {
			KHaworth
		} and {
			DelSorbo
		} and {
			M
		} and {
			AngusBSiani
		} and {
			L
		} and {
			DiMarco
		} and {
			STraboni
		} and {
			CFolgori
		} and {
			AColloca
		} and {
			SCapone
		} and {
			SVitelli
		} and {
			ACortese
		} and {
			RKlenerman
		} and {
			PNicosia
		} and {
			APollard
		} and {
			AJ
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Sci Trasl Med}}
		
			12
			,
	year={2015}
		
	

}

@incollection{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Development of novel strategies to control foot-and mouth disease marker vaccines and antivirals}}
		,
	author={{
			MJGrubman
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Biologicals}}
		
			33
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@book{b29,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			RBGurung
		} and {
			ACPurdie
		} and {
			RJWhittington
		} and {
			DJBegg
		}}
		
		
		
		,
	title={{Cellular and humoral immune responses in sheep vaccinated with candidate antigens MAP2698c and MAP3567 from Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis}}
				
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{Immunomodulatory activity of novel adjuvant formulations based on Montanide ISA oil-based adjuvants and peptidoglycan monomer}}
		,
	author={{
			LHabjanec
		} and {
			BHalassy
		} and {
			JTomasi?
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Int Immunopharmacol}}
		
			8
			5
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against foot-andmouth disease virus. I. Development and method of ELISA}}
		,
	author={{
			CHamblin
		} and {
			Barnett
		} and {
			RSHedger
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Immunol Methods}}
		
			93
			1
			
			,
	year={1986}
		
	

}

@incollection{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{Dexamethasone inhibits virus production and the secretory IgA response in oesophageal-pharyngeal fluid in cattle persistently infected with foot-andmouth disease virus}}
		,
	author={{
			MCIlott
		} and {
			JSSalt
		} and {
			RMGaskell
		} and {
			RPKitching
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Epidemiol Infect}}
		
			118
			
			,
	year={1997}
		
	

}

@incollection{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{Evaluation of three ready to formulate oil adjuvants for foot and mouth disease vaccine production}}
		,
	author={{
			AVIyer
		} and {
			SGhosh
		} and {
			SNSingh
		} and {
			RADeshmukh
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vaccine}}
		
			19
			9
			
			,
	year={2000}
		
	

}

@incollection{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{Virus purification}}
		,
	author={{
			RAKillington
		} and {
			AStokes
		} and {
			JCHierholzer
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Virology Methods Manual}}
				,
	editor={
			BW J OMahy & H
			Kangro
		}
		New York
		
			,
	publisher={Academic Press}
			,
	year={1996}
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{A brief history of vaccines and vaccination}}
		,
	author={{
			MLombard
		} and {
			PPPastoret
		} and {
			AMMoulin
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Rev. Sci. Tech}}
		
			26
			1
			
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b36,
	
	
		,
	title={{Polyma transformation hamster cell clones, an investigation of genetic factors affecting cell competence}}
		,
	author={{
			MMacpherson
		} and {
			BStocher
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Virology}}
		
			16
			
			,
	year={1962}
		
	

}

@incollection{b37,
	
	
		,
	title={{Detection of carriers of foot-and-mouth disease virus among vaccinated cattle}}
		,
	author={{
			PMoonen
		} and {
			LJacob
		} and {
			Crienenma
		} and {
			ADekker
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vet Microbiol}}
		
			15
			3-4
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b38,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interferon-? induced by in vitro re-stimulation of CD4+ T-cells correlates within vivoFMD vaccine induced protection of cattle against disease Osama}}
		,
	author={{
			YOh
		} and {
			LFleming
		} and {
			BStatham
		} and {
			PHamblin
		} and {
			PBarnett
		} and {
			DJPaton
		} and {
			JHPark
		} and {
			YSJoo
		} and {
			SParida
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Studies on inactivated Foot and Mouth Disease virus vaccine}}
				
			,
	year={2012. 1992}
		
	

}

@incollection{b39,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interferongamma production in vitro from whole blood of footand-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccinated and infected cattle after incubation with inactivated FMDV}}
		,
	author={{
			SParida
		} and {
			YOh
		} and {
			SMReid
		} and {
			SJCox
		} and {
			RJStatham
		} and {
			MMahapatra
		} and {
			JAnderson
		} and {
			PVBarnett
		} and {
			BCharleston
		} and {
			DJPaton
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vaccine}}
		
			13
			7
			
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{The role of interferon in persistent infection with foot-and mouth disease virus}}
		,
	author={{
			LPhillips
		} and {
			ZDinter
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Gen Microbiol}}
		
			32
			
			,
	year={1963}
		
	

}

@incollection{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{The gamma-interferon assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle: conditions affecting the production of gamma-interferon in whole blood culture}}
		,
	author={{
			JSRothel
		} and {
			SLJones
		} and {
			LACorner
		} and {
			JCCox
		} and {
			PRWood
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Aust Vet J}}
		
			69
			1
			
			,
	year={1992. 1992 Jan}
		
	

}

@incollection{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{Antiviral actions of interferons}}
		,
	author={{
			CESamuel
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Clin. Microbiol. Rev}}
		
			14
			
			,
	year={2001}
		
	

}

@incollection{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{The leader proteinase of foot-andmouth disease virus inhibits the induction of beta interferon mRNA and blocks the host innate immune response}}
		,
	author={{
			TSantos De Los
		} and {
			BSDe Avila
		} and {
			RWeiblen
		} and {
			MJGrubman
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Virol}}
		
			80
			
			,
	year={2006. 2006}
		
	

}

@book{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{MontanideTM adjuvants for stimulation of cellular immune response in FMD vaccines Tech Bull}}
		,
	author={{
			SébastienDeville
		} and {
			JulietteBenArous
		} and {
			FrançoisBertrand
		} and {
			LaurentDupuis
		}}
		
		
		
		
			,
	year={2013}
			,
	publisher={Seppic}
			,
	address={Paris}
		
	

}

@incollection{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{Comparative Study for Immune Efficacy of Two Different Adjuvants Bivalent FMD Vaccines in Sheep}}
		,
	author={{
			AM ASelim
		} and {
			NZAbouzeid
		} and {
			AMAggour
		} and {
			NMSobhy
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of American Science}}
		
			6
			10
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@book{b46,
	
	
		,
	title={{Montanide ISA 201 VG-ready to use oil adjuvant for veterinary vaccines}}
		,
	author={{
			Seppic
		}}
		
			,
	year={2008}
			,
	publisher={Seppic}
			,
	address={Paris}
		
	
	,
	note={Tech Bull}

}

@incollection{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{Analysis of the acute phase responses of serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and Type 1 Interferon in cattle experimentally infected with foot-andmouth disease virus serotype O}}
		,
	author={{
			CStenfeldt
		} and {
			PMHeegaard
		} and {
			AStockmarr
		} and {
			KTjornehoj
		} and {
			GJBelsham
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Veterinary Research}}
		
			42
			66
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b48,
	
	
		,
	title={{Innate immune responses against foot-and-mouth disease virus: current understanding and future directions}}
		,
	author={{
			ASummerfield
		} and {
			LGuzylack-Piriou
		} and {
			LHarwood
		} and {
			KCMccullough
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Vet Immunol Immunopathol}}
		
			128
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@book{b49,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interferons and other cytokines}}
		,
	author={{
			JVilcek
		} and {
			GCSen
		}}
		
		,
	editor={Fields Virology Philadelphia, PA.}
		
			,
	year={1996}
			
		
		
			VMVSc Thesis (Virology), University of Cairo
		
	

}

@incollection{b50,
	
	
		,
	title={{Enzyme immune assay in diagnostic medicine, theory and practice}}
		,
	author={{
			AVoller
		} and {
			DEBidwell
		} and {
			AnnBartlett
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Bull. World Health Org}}
		
			53
			
			,
	year={1976}
		
	

}

@incollection{b51,
	
	
		,
	title={{Humeral and cellular immune response of Egyptian trivalent foot and mouth disease oil vaccine in sheep}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci}}
		,
	editor={Wael Mossad Gamal El-Din, Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim*, Hind Daoud and Samir Mohamed Ali}
		
			4
			4
			
			,
	year={2014. 2014}
		
	

}

@incollection{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{Recognition of viruses by cytoplasmic sensors}}
		,
	author={{
			CWilkins
		} and {
			MGaleJr
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Curr Opin Immunol}}
		
			22
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b53,
	
	
		,
	title={{Adenovirus-mediated type I interferon expression delays and reduces disease signs in cattle challenged with foot-and-mouth disease virus}}
		,
	author={{
			QWu
		} and {
			MCBrum
		} and {
			LCaron
		} and {
			MKoste
		} and {
			MJGrubman
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J .Interferon Cytokine Res}}
		
			23
			7
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b54,
	
	
		,
	title={{Rapeseed oil and ginseng saponins work synergistically to enhance Th1 and Th2 immune responses induced by the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine}}
		,
	author={{
			CZhang
		} and {
			YWang
		} and {
			MWang
		} and {
			XSu
		} and {
			YLu
		} and {
			FSu
		} and {
			SHu
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Clin Vaccine Immunol}}
		
			21
			8
			
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}