@incollection{, CE3CF3E7904D37FDFE21544DD973A789 , author={{Mohamed Abdulsattar MohammedHemida} and {Cairo university - Egypt}}, journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}}, journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}161112 } @incollection{b0, , title={{}} , author={{ AaronIVinik } and { MDRoy Freeman } and { TomrisErbas }} , journal={{Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy Seminars in Neurology Semin Neurol}} 4 23 , year={2003} } @book{b1, , title={{Effect of exercise on macro and micro circulating blood flow in diabetic patients. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of physical therapy, Cairo university}} , author={{ AAlsayed }} , year={1999} } @book{b2, , title={{Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes The American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement Diabetes Care}} , author={{ AnnLAlbright } and { RDPhd } and { BarryBraun }} , year={Dec. 2010} 33 } @book{b3, , title={{MD, Effects of Exercise on\ Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis Diabetes Care}} , author={{ AnnaChudyk } and { Msc } and { RobertJPetrella }} , year={May 1. 2011} 34 } @incollection{b4, , title={{Exercise training in diabetic with retinopathy and blindness}} , author={{ MBeernbaum } and { SGAlbert } and { JDCohen }} , journal={{Arch-phys-Med-Rehabil}} 70 8 , year={Aug. 1989} } @incollection{b5, , title={{Position statement: Diabetes mellitus and exercise}} , author={{ AJBoulton } and { AIVinik }} S 40-44 , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 21 1 , year={2010} , publisher={American Diabetes Association} , note={Suppl} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Standards of medical care in diabetes-2006}} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 9 1 , year={2006} , publisher={American Diabetes Association} } @book{b7, , title={{}} , author={{ PBottini } and { CTantucci } and { LScionti } and { MLDottrorini } and { EPuxeddue } and { GReboldi } and { GBBolli } and { GCasucci } and { FSanteusanio } and { CASorbin }} } @incollection{b8, , title={{Cardiovascular responses in diabetes: influence of autonomic neuropathy of different severity}} , journal={{Diabetologia}} 38 2 , year={Feb. 1995} } @book{b9, , title={{Exercise in the clinical management of diabetes}} , author={{ BNCampaigne } and { RMLampman }} , year={1994} , note={st ed. Human Kinetics} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Use of heart rate reserve and rating of perceived exertion to prescribe exercise intensity in diabetic autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ SColberg } and { DSwain } and { AVinik }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 26 , year={2003} } @book{b11, , title={{Exercises and posture related changes of arterial natriuretic factor and cardiac function of diabetes. Diabetic Care}} , author={{ JEDonckier } and { BMDe-Coster } and { MBuysschear } and { DPPieters } and { FMCauwe } and { ARobert } and { CMBrichabnt } and { JMKetelslegers }} , year={Jul-Aug. 1989} 12 } @book{b12, , title={{Diabetes Mellitus. 4 th ed.W.B saunder company}} , author={{ MBDavidson }} , year={1981} } @incollection{b13, , title={{Effect of quin april or losartan alone and in combination on left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in asymptomatic patients with diabetic autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ TPDidangelos } and { GAArsos } and { DTKaramitsos } and { VGAthyros } and { SDGeorga } and { ND }} , journal={{J Diabetes Complications}} 20 , year={2006} } @incollection{b14, , title={{Chronic catecholamine depletion switches myocardium from carbohydrate to lipid utilisation}} , author={{ AJDrake-Holland } and { VVan D } and { TRoemen } and { JWHynd } and { MMansaray } and { ZMWright } and { MINoble }} , journal={{CardiovascDrugs Ther}} 15 , year={2006} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Athletes with NIDDM exhibit imparted metabolic control and increased lipid utilization with no increase in insulin sensitivity}} , author={{ PEbeling } and { JATumoinen } and { RBourey }} , journal={{Diabetes}} 44 , year={1995} } @incollection{b16, , title={{The value of cardiovascular autonomic function tests}} , author={{ DJEwing } and { CNMartyn } and { RJYoung } and { BFClark }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 8 5 , year={1985} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Autonomic neuropathy, QT interval lengthening, and unexpected deaths in male diabetic patients}} , author={{ DJEwing } and { OBoland } and { JMNeilson } and { CGCho } and { Clarke } and { BF }} , journal={{Diabetologia}} 34 , year={1991} } @incollection{b18, , title={{Changes in rate pressure product with physical training of individuals with coronary artery disease}} , author={{ AGail } and { Francis } and { N }} , journal={{Physical Therapy}} 64 9 , year={1984} } @incollection{b19, , title={{Effect of supine blood pressure on interpretation of standing up test in 500 diabetic patients}} , author={{ JGert-Van-Dijk } and { -A MTjon-A-Tsien } and { -B AKamzoul } and { -C GKramer } and { HHLemkes }} , journal={{J-Auton-Nerv-syst}} 47 1-2 , year={Apr. 1994} } @book{b20, , title={{Hansen Tomas Stolen1Arnt Erik Tjonna1Inger Lise Aamot2Inga Schjerve Ekeberg1Gjertrud Aunet Tyldum1Ulrik Wisloff1}} } @incollection{b21, , title={{Charlotte Bjork Ingul Aerobic interval training reduces blood pressure and improves myocardial function in hypertensive patients}} , journal={{European Journal of Preventive Cardiology}} 19 2 , year={April 2012} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Impaired cardiovascular responses to graded exercise in diabetic autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ JHilsted } and { HGalbo } and { NJChristensen }} , journal={{Diabetes}} 28 , year={1979} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Marwick Effects of exercise intervention on myocardial function in type 2 diabetes}} , author={{ M DHordern } and { J SCoombes } and { L MCooney } and { LJeffriess } and { J BPrins } and { T }} , journal={{Heart}} 95 , year={2009} } @incollection{b24, , title={{Effects of phsical training on heart rate variability in diabetic patients with varios degree of autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ KHoworka } and { JPumprla } and { PHaber } and { JKoller } and { JMondrzyk } and { ASchambmann }} , journal={{Cardiovasc-Res}} 34 1 , year={Apr. 1997} } @incollection{b25, , title={{cardiovascular adaptation during cycloergometer exercise test in IDDM with or without autonomic cardiopathy}} , author={{ LIrace } and { DIarussi } and { SLangella } and { LSantangelo } and { VCoppola } and { AIacono }} , journal={{Cardiologia}} 36 8 , year={Aug. 1991} } @incollection{b26, , title={{Role of exercise training in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and NIDDM}} , author={{ JLIvy }} , journal={{Sports Med}} 24 5 , year={1997} } @book{b27, , title={{Physical activity in type 1 diabetes mellitus Assessing risks for physical activity clearance and prescription Can Fam Physician}} , author={{ JamieFBurr }} , year={2012} 58 } @incollection{b28, , title={{Decreased exercise heart rate and blood pressure response in diabetic subjects with cardiac autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ JKKahn } and { BZola } and { JJuni } and { AVinik }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 9 , year={1986} } @incollection{b29, , title={{QT interval prolongation and sudden cardiac death in diabetic autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ JKKahn } and { JCSisson } and { AIVinik }} , journal={{J-Clin-Endocrinol -Metab}} 64 , year={1987} } @incollection{b30, , title={{Diabetes mellitus and exercise}} , author={{ GLLandry } and { DBAllen }} , journal={{Clin. Sports Med}} 11 2 , year={1992} } @incollection{b31, , title={{Loss of abdominal fat and improvement of the cardiovascular risk profile by regular moderate exercise training in patients with NIDDM}} , author={{ RLehmann } and { AVokae } and { Agosti } and { K }} , journal={{Diabetolgia}} 38 , year={1995} } @incollection{b32, , title={{A descriptive study of individuals successful at long-term maintenance for substantial weight loss}} , author={{ MLKlem } and { RRWing } and { MTMcguire } and { HMSeagle } and { JOHill }} , journal={{Am -J -Clin -Nutr}} 66 , year={1997} } @incollection{b33, , title={{BROWN Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on Heart Rate Variability in Individuals with Type 2}} , author={{ Koullam } and { MarcosAParpa } and { Michaelides } and { Barry S }} , journal={{Diabetes Journal of Exercise Physiologyonline}} 12 4 , year={August 2009} , note={JEPonline)} } @incollection{b34, , title={{Effects of exercise training on glucose control, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in hypertriglyceridemia and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus}} , author={{ RMLampman } and { DESchteingart }} , journal={{Med Sci Sports Exercise}} 23 , year={1991} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Korneeva IT Effect of short term graded physical exercise on the level of glycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: data of long term ECG monitoring and registration of motor activity}} , author={{ DNLaptev } and { MNKruzhkova } and { GVRiabykina } and { SDPoliakov }} , journal={{Kardiologiia}} 52 6 , year={2012} } @incollection{b36, , title={{}} , author={{ ERLaskowski }} , journal={{Mayo Clinic}} , year={July 9. 2013} , note={expert opinion} } @incollection{b37, , title={{Loss of abdominal fat and improvement of the cardiovascular risk profile by regular moderate exercise training in patients with NIDDM}} , author={{ RLehmann } and { AVokae } and { Agosti } and { K }} , journal={{Diabetolgia}} 38 , year={1995} } @book{b38, , title={{Motivating patients with diabetes to exercise}} , author={{ DMarrero } and { JMSizemore }} , year={1996} , publisher={American Diabetes Association} } @incollection{b39, , title={{QTc Prolongation in Diabetes Mellitus an Indicator of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy}} , author={{ CPMathur } and { DeepakGupta }} , journal={{JIACM}} 7 2 , year={2006} } @incollection{b40, , title={{Intensity and amount of physical activity in relation to insulin sensitivity}} , author={{ EJMayer-Davis } and { RAgostino } and { AJKarta } and { SMHaffner } and { MJRewers } and { MSaad } and { RNBergman }} , journal={{JAMA}} 279 , year={1998} } @book{b41, , title={{Effects of Different Modes of Exercise Training on Glucose Control and Risk Factors for Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients A meta-analysis}} , author={{ NeilJSnowling } and { WillGHopkins }} , year={2006} , publisher={American diabetes association} } @incollection{b42, , title={{The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in Egypt: Results of a national survey}} , author={{ NaglaaArafa } and { GhadaAmin }} , journal={{Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine}} 28 3 , year={2010} } @incollection{b43, , title={{Prolongation of Q-T interval and Autonomic Nervous Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients}} , author={{ HOka } and { SMohio } and { KSato } and { KKatayama }} , journal={{Diabetes-Res-Clin-Pract}} 31 1-3 , year={1996} } @book{b44, , title={{Spectral analysis of R-R interval and systolic blood pressure in diabetic autonomic neuropathy. J-Auton-nervo-sys}} , author={{ HOka } and { SMohio } and { KSato } and { KKatayama } and { TNohara } and { THasunuma } and { KHoui } and { YIsogai }} , year={Apr. 1995} 8 } @incollection{b45, , title={{Effects of aerobic exercise intensity on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes and prehypertension}} , author={{ PamellaKaroline De Morais } and { MarceloMagalhãesSales } and { JeeserAlves De Almeida } and { DaisyMotta-Santos } and { CaioVictor De } and { HerbertGustavoSousa } and { Simõe }} , journal={{J Phys Ther Sci}} 27 1 , year={Jan. 2015} } @incollection{b46, , title={{Prolonged QTc interval predicts all-cause mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an association driven by high inflammatory burden}} , author={{ VFPanoulas } and { TEToms } and { KMDouglas }} , journal={{Rheumatology}} 53 1 , year={January 2014} } @incollection{b47, , title={{Sympathetic dysfunction in type 1 diabetes: association with impaired myocardial blood flow reserve and diastolic dysfunction}} , author={{ RPop-Busui } and { IKirkwood } and { HSchmid } and { VMarinescu } and { JSchroeder } and { DLarkin } and { EYamada } and { DMRaffel } and { MJStevens }} , journal={{J Am Coll Cardiol}} 44 , year={2004} } @incollection{b48, , title={{Abnormal responses to exercises in middle aged NIDDM patients with and without autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ MRadice } and { ARocca } and { EBedon } and { NMusacchio } and { AMorabito } and { GSegalinin }} , journal={{Diabet-Med}} 13 3 , year={Mar. 1996} } @incollection{b49, , title={{Improvement in glucose tolerance after one week of exercise in patients with mild NIDDM}} , author={{ MARogers } and { CYamamoto } and { DSKing }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 11 8 , year={1988} } @book{b50, , title={{Exercise in Diabetes Management The Phyisi-Sport-Med}} , author={{ DRussell } and { MDWhite } and { Carl } and { S }} , year={1999} 27 } @incollection{b51, , title={{Exercise and NIDDM}} , author={{ SHSchneider } and { NBRuderman }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 13 7 , year={1990} } @incollection{b52, , title={{Myocardial dysfunction and an abnormal left ventricular exercise response in autonomic diabetic patients}} , author={{ RScognamiglo } and { GFasoli } and { MFerri } and { SNistri }} , journal={{Clin-Cardiol}} 18 5 , year={May. 1995} } @incollection{b53, , title={{The Effects of Aerobic Versus Resistance Training on Cardiovascular Fitness in Obese Sedentary Females Asian}} , author={{ SarikaChaudhary } and { Jaspal SinghManpreet Kaur Kang } and { Sandhu }} , journal={{J Sports Med}} 1 4 , year={2010 Dec} } @book{b54, , title={{Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes The American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement Diabetes Care}} , author={{ SheriRColberg } and { RonaldJSigal } and { JudithGRegensteiner } and { BryanJBlissmer } and { RichardRRubin } and { LisaChasan-Taber }} , year={2010 Dec} 33 } @incollection{b55, , title={{Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy testing in patients with diabetes}} , author={{ MPSchumer } and { SAJoyner } and { MAPfeifer }} , journal={{Diabet Spectr}} 11 , year={1998} } @incollection{b56, , title={{Comprehensive warm-up programme to prevent injuries in young female footballers: Cluster randomized controlled trial}} , author={{ TSoligard }} , journal={{BMJ}} 337 2469 , year={2008} } @incollection{b57, , title={{EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study Group. Relationship between risk factors and mortality in type 1 diabetic patients in Europe: the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study (PCS)}} , author={{ LKStevens } and { MPorta } and { JHFuller }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 31 , year={2008} } @incollection{b58, , title={{Sudden cardiac death in diabetes mellitus: risk factors in the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study}} , author={{ GASuarez } and { VMClark } and { JENorell } and { TEKottke } and { MJCallahan } and { PCO'brien } and { PALow } and { PJDyck }} , journal={{J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry}} 76 , year={2005} } @book{b59, , title={{}} , author={{ GASuarez } and { VMClark } and { JENorell } and { TEKottke } and { MJCallahan } and { PCO'brien } and { PALow } and { PJDyck }} , note={Sudden cardiac death in diabetes mellitus: risk factors in the} } @incollection{b60, , title={{Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study}} , journal={{J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry}} 76 , year={2005} } @incollection{b61, , title={{Inukai Clinical usefulness of corrected QT intervals in diabetic autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes Diabetes &}} , author={{ KTakebayashi } and { YRAso } and { YSugita } and { TTakemura }} , journal={{Metabolism}} 28 2 , year={2002} } @incollection{b62, , title={{Vascular risk factors and diabetic neuropathy}} , author={{ STesfaye } and { NChaturvedi } and { SEEaton }} , journal={{N Engl J Med}} 352 341 , year={2005} } @book{b63, , title={{Exercise Training for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Impact on Cardiovascular Risk: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Circulation}} , author={{ HThomas } and { MatthewDMarwick } and { ToddHordern } and { Miller } and { ADeborah }} , year={June 30. 2009} 119 } @incollection{b64, , title={{QT interval prolongation and mortality in type 1 diabetic patients. a 5-year cohort prospective study. Neuropathy Study Group of the Italian Society of the Study of Diabetes}} , author={{ MVeglio } and { RSivieri } and { AChinaglia } and { LCavallo-Perin } and { P }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 23 , year={2000} } @book{b65, , title={{In The Health Professional's Guide to Diabetes and Exercise}} , author={{ AIVinik } and { Neuropathy }} , editor={Alexandria, Va.} , year={1995} , publisher={American Diabetes Association} } @incollection{b66, , title={{Diabetic autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ AIVinik } and { REMaser } and { BDMitchell } and { RFreeman }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 26 , year={2003} } @book{b67, , title={{Heart Rate Variability in Diabetic Patients during Orthostatic Load}} , author={{ FWeise } and { WGerhing } and { URunge } and { LKlin }} , year={1990} 4 } @incollection{b68, , title={{Exercise in a behavioral weight control program for obese patients with Type 2 (non-insulindependent) diabetes}} , author={{ RRWing } and { LHEpstein } and { MPaternostro-Bayles }} , journal={{Diabetologia}} 31 12 , year={1988} } @incollection{b69, , title={{Warm-up and stretching in the prevention of muscular injury}} , author={{ KWoods }} , journal={{Sports Medicine}} 37 1089 , year={2007} } @incollection{b70, , title={{Cardiac outcomes after screening for asymptomatic coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: the DIAD study: a randomized controlled trial}} , author={{ LHYoung } and { FJWackers } and { AEIskandrian } and { SDWittlin } and { NFilipchuk } and { RERatner } and { SEInzucchi } and { Investigators }} , journal={{AMA}} 301 , year={2009} } @incollection{b71, , title={{Is the corrected Q-T interval a reliable indicator of the severity of diabetic autonomic neuropathy}} , author={{ BZravenboer } and { PHHendriksen } and { LPOey } and { WHGispen } and { ACHuffelen } and { DWErkelens }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 16 , year={1993} }