@incollection{, EBABD2D7B1199AB5FDC42AED69C2383B , author={{Dr Chrysanthus ChukwumaSr} and {Dr Chrysanthus ChukwumaSr}}, journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}}, journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}173916 } @incollection{b0, , title={{Glycemic index, glycemic load and glycemic response: An International Scientific Consensus Summit from the International Carbohydrate Quarterly Consortium (ICQC)}} , author={{ LS AAugustin } and { CW CKendall } and { DJ AJenkins } and { WCWillett } and { HAstrup } and { AWBarclay }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 9 , year={2015} } @incollection{b1, , title={{Resting heart rate and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies}} , author={{ DAune } and { BHartaigh } and { LJVatten }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 6 , year={2015} } @incollection{b2, , title={{Role of oral hypoglycemic agents in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus during Ramadan}} , author={{ MIBashir } and { MFPathan } and { SARaza } and { JAhmad } and { AKAzad } and { OIshtiaq }} , journal={{Indian J Endocrinol Metab}} 10 4 , year={2012} } @book{b3, , title={{Type 2 diabetes symptoms -drinking alcohol could reduce disease risk}} , author={{ EBurns }} , year={2017} } @incollection{b4, , title={{For the Troglitazone study group: troglitazone use in insulintreated type 2 diabetic patients}} , author={{ JBBuse } and { BGumbincr } and { NPMathais } and { DMNelson } and { BWJaja } and { RWWhitcomb }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 21 9 , year={1998} } @incollection{b5, , title={{Overview of current therapeutic actions in type 2 diabetes. Rationale for combining oral agents with insulin therapy}} , author={{ JBBuse }} , journal={{Diabetes Care}} 22 , year={1999} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Prevalence by sex of preclinical-carotid atherosclerosis in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes}} , author={{ MCatalan } and { ZHerreras } and { IMPinyo } and { ASala-Vila } and { AJAmor } and { EDe Groot } and { RGilaber } and { ERos }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 9 , year={2015} } @incollection{b7, , title={{Adiponectin prevents diabetic premature senescence of endothelial progenitor cells and promotes endothelial repair by suppressing the p38 MAP Kinase/p16 NK4A signaling pathway}} , author={{ JChang } and { YLi } and { YHuang } and { KSLam } and { RL CHoo } and { WKWong }} , journal={{Diabetes}} 59 11 , year={2010} } @book{b8, , title={{Is diabetes a model for gene-environment interaction in premature senescence?}} , author={{ ChukwumaSr } and { C }} , year={2014. 2014} } @book{b9, , title={{Carbohydrate-lipid interactions in obesity and diabetes}} , author={{ ChukwumaSr } and { C }} , year={2017a. 2017} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Clinical, economic and healthcare constraints and challenges using insulin analogues in the treatment and control of diabetes in vulnerable populations}} , author={{ ChukwumaSr } and { C }} , booktitle={{Syndemics of chronic and acute diseases in vulnerable populations}} , year={2017b. 2017. 2017c} } @incollection{b11, , title={{Dietary intake of phytoestrogens is associated with a favourable metabolic cardiovascular risk profile in postmenopausal US women: The Framingham Study}} , author={{ MJDe Kleijn } and { YTVan Der Schouw } and { PWWilson } and { DEGrobbee } and { PFJacques }} , journal={{J Nutr}} 132 2 , year={2002} } @incollection{b12, , title={{Markers of cholesterol metabolism as biomarkers in predicting diabetes in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study}} , author={{ VD FDe Mello } and { JLindstrom } and { JGEriksson } and { PIllane-Parikka } and { SKeinnanen-Kiukaanniemi } and { JPihlajamaki } and { JTuomilehto } and { MUusitupa }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 7 , year={2015} } @book{b13, , title={{Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus -UpTo Date}} , author={{ KDungan } and { ADesantis }} , year={2017} } @incollection{b14, , title={{The place of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes therapeutics. A "Me Too" or "the Special One" antidiabetic class?}} , author={{ RGodinho } and { CMega } and { ETeixeira-De-Lamos } and { ECarvalho } and { FTeixeira } and { RFernandes } and { FReis }} ID 806979 , journal={{J Diabetes Res}} 28 , year={2015. 2015} } @incollection{b15, , title={{The insulin-sparing effect of metformin in insulin-treated diabetic patients}} , author={{ AGolay } and { NGuillet-Dauphine } and { AFendal } and { CJuge } and { JPAssal }} , journal={{Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews}} 011 1 , year={1995} } @incollection{b16, , title={{Trends in medication use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a long term view of real-world treatment between}} , author={{ VHiggins } and { JPiercy } and { ARoughley } and { GMilligan } and { ALeith } and { JSidall } and { MBenford }} , journal={{Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes}} 9 , year={2016. 2000. 2015} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome}} , author={{ TKadowaki } and { TYamauchi } and { NKubota } and { KHara } and { KUeki } and { KTobe }} , journal={{J Clin Invest}} 116 , year={2006} } @incollection{b18, , title={{Oral hypoglycaemic agents and the heart failure conundrum: Lessons from and for outcome trials}} , author={{ BAKappel } and { NMarx } and { MFederici }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 8 , year={2015} } @incollection{b19, , title={{Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes}} , author={{ SEKhan } and { RLHull } and { KMUtzschneider }} , journal={{Nature Review}} 444 , year={2007} } @incollection{b20, , title={{Isoflavonoid and lignan phytoestrogens as dietary biomarkers}} , author={{ JWLampe }} , journal={{J Nutr}} 133 , year={2003} } @incollection{b21, , title={{Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: Dietary components and nutritional strategies}} , author={{ SHLey } and { OHamdy } and { VMohan } and { FBHu }} , journal={{Lancet}} 383 9933 , year={2014} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Resting heart rate as a marker for identifying the risk of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional survey}} , author={{ Y-QLi } and { L-ILi } and { LWang } and { Y-RGuo } and { A-GYou } and { Y-LXi } and { C-JWang }} , journal={{BMC Public Health}} 414 1052 , year={2014} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control of type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk factors in Chinese rural population: the Rural Diab Study}} , author={{ XLiu } and { YLi } and { LLi } and { LZhang } and { YRen } and { HZhou } and { LCui }} 10.1038/srep31426 , journal={{Scientific Reports}} 6 , year={2016. 2016} , note={Article Number} } @incollection{b24, , title={{The effect of optimizing glycemic control using insulin on the heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients}} , author={{ CB MMaadjhou } and { CNganou-Gnindjio } and { NAzabji-Kenfack } and { MKuate } and { L } and { MBimbai } and { A } and { MKatte } and { J-C } and { NSobngw } and { E }} 10.11604/pamj.cp.2017.2.20.50 , booktitle={{PAMJ -Conference Proceedings}} , year={2017. Sep 2017} 2 20 } @incollection{b25, , title={{Alcohol consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Results from the CoLaws Study}} , author={{ PMarques-Vidal } and { PVollenweider }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 1 , year={2015} } @book{b26, , title={{Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors: How do they work as new antidiabetic agents/ Regulatory Peptides}} , author={{ CMcintosh } and { HDemuth } and { JPospisilik } and { RPederson }} , year={2005} 128 } @incollection{b27, , title={{Starting insulin in type 2 diabetes: Continue oral hypoglycemic agents?}} , author={{ Mdedge }} , journal={{J Fam Pract}} 53 5 , year={2004} } @incollection{b28, , title={{Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials}} , author={{ MMonami } and { IIacomelli } and { EMannuci }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 20 4 , year={2010} } @incollection{b29, , title={{Drug utilization, safety, and effectiveness of exenatride, sitagliptin, and vildagliptin for type 2 diabetes in the real world: Data from the Italian AIFF Anti-diabetics Monitoring Registry}} , author={{ SMontilla } and { GMarchesini } and { ASammarco } and { MPTrotta } and { PDSiviero } and { CTomino }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 24 12 , year={2014} } @incollection{b30, , title={{Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC. Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants}} , author={{ Ncd }} , journal={{The Lancet}} 387 , year={2016. 10027} } @incollection{b31, , title={{Adiponectin prevents cerebral ischemic injury through endothelial nitric oxide synthase dependent mechanisms}} , author={{ MNishimura } and { YIzumiya } and { AHiguchi } and { RShibata } and { JQui } and { CKudo }} , journal={{Circulation}} 117 , year={2008} } @incollection{b32, , title={{Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review of current trends}} , author={{ ABOlokoba } and { OAObateru } and { LBOlokoba }} , journal={{Oman Med J}} 27 4 , year={2012} } @incollection{b33, , title={{Effects of a flaxseed-derived lignin supplement in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, double-blind cross-over trial}} , author={{ APan } and { JSun } and { YChen } and { XYa } and { HLi } and { ZYu }} , journal={{PLoS One}} 2 11 e1148 , year={2007} } @incollection{b34, , title={{Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus}} , author={{ BRichter } and { EBandeira-Echtler } and { KBergerhoff } and { CLLerch }} , journal={{Cochrane Database Syst Rev}} 16 2 D006739 , year={2008} } @incollection{b35, , title={{combined therapy with a sulfonylurea plus evening insulin: safe, reliable, and becoming routine}} , author={{ MCRiddle }} , journal={{Hormone and Metabolic Research}} 28 9 , year={1996} } @incollection{b36, , title={{Bioavailability of phytoestrogens}} , author={{ IRowland } and { MFaughnan } and { LHoey } and { KWahala } and { GWilliamson } and { ACassidy }} , journal={{Br J Nutr}} 89 1 , year={2003} , note={Suppl} } @incollection{b37, , title={{Insulin degludec results in lower rates of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and fasting plasma glucose vs. insulin glargine: A meta-analysis of seven clinical trials}} , author={{ DRussell-Jones } and { MAGall } and { MNiemeyer } and { MDiamant } and { SDel Prato }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 10 , year={2015} } @incollection{b38, , title={{High density lipoprotein oxidation in type 2 diabetic patients and young patients with premature myocardial infarction}} , author={{ GSartore } and { RSeraglia } and { SBurlina } and { ABolu } and { RMarin } and { EManzato } and { ERaggazi } and { PTraidi } and { ALapolla }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 4 , year={2015} } @incollection{b39, , title={{Diet heart controversies -Quality of fat matters}} , author={{ USchwab } and { MUusitupa }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 7 , year={2015} } @incollection{b40, , title={{Adiponectin-mediated modulation of hypertrophic signals in the heart}} , author={{ RShibata } and { NOuchi } and { MIto } and { SKihara } and { IShiojima } and { DRPimental } and { MKumada } and { KSato }} , journal={{Nat Med}} 10 , year={2004} } @incollection{b41, , title={{Adiponectin protects against myocardial ischaemiareperfusion injury through AMPK-and COX-2-dependent mechanisms}} , author={{ RShibata } and { KSato } and { DRPimental } and { YTakemura } and { SKihara } and { KOhashi } and { TFunahashi }} , journal={{Nat Med}} 11 , year={2005} } @incollection{b42, , title={{Lipoprotein (a) in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Relation to LDL: HDL ratio and glycaemia control}} , author={{ SSingla } and { KKaur } and { GKaur } and { HKaur } and { JKaur } and { SJaswa }} , journal={{Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries}} 29 2 , year={2009} } @incollection{b43, , title={{Dietary intake of carotenoids and risk of type 2 diabetes}} , author={{ ISluijs } and { ECadier } and { JW JBeulens } and { AD LVan Der } and { AM WSpijkerman } and { VTVan Der Schouw }} , journal={{Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis}} 25 4 , year={2015} } @incollection{b44, , title={{Once-weekly dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis}} , author={{ SDStoimeni } and { TKaragiannis } and { AKatsoula } and { EAthanasiadou } and { KKazakos } and { EBekiari }} , journal={{J Exp Opin Pharmocather}} 18 9 , year={2017} } @incollection{b45, , title={{Role of phytoestrogens in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes}} , author={{ MTalaei } and { APan }} , journal={{World J Diabetes}} 6 2 , year={2015} } @incollection{b46, , title={{Factors that could explain the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes among adults in a Canadian province: a critical review and analysis}} , author={{ VThibault } and { MBelanger } and { ELeblanc } and { LBabin } and { SHalpine } and { BGreene } and { MMancuso }} , journal={{Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome}} 68 71 , year={2016} } @incollection{b47, , title={{recent trends in therapeutic approaches for diabetes management: A comprehensive update}} , author={{ PTiwari }} , journal={{J Diabetes Res}} 2015 , year={2015. 2015} } @book{b48, , title={{FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns that DPP-4 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes may cause severe joint pain}} , author={{ Usfda }} , year={2016} } @incollection{b49, , title={{High allostatic load score identifies African migrants at increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: the Africans in America study}} , author={{ JUtumatwishima } and { NBaker } and { RBingham } and { BRicks } and { MMabundo } and { LGalvan-Delacruz } and { MOnuzumike } and { ASacks } and { DChung } and { SSumner } and { A }} 10.11604/pamj.cp.2017.2.3.42 , booktitle={{PAMJ -Conference Proceedings}} , year={2017a. Aug 2017} 2 3 } @incollection{b50, , title={{HbA1c and fasting glucose perform poorly a screening tests for diabetes in African migrants: the Africans in America study}} , author={{ JUtumatwishima } and { NBaker } and { RBingham } and { BSacks } and { DSumner } and { A }} , journal={{PAMJ -Conference Proceedings}} , year={2017b. Aug 2017} } @incollection{b51, , title={{Phytooestrogen data-base of foods and average intake in Finland}} , author={{ LMValsta } and { AKilkkinen } and { WMazur } and { TNumir } and { AMLampi } and { MLOvanskainen }} , journal={{Br J Nutr}} 89 1 , year={2003} , note={Suppl} } @book{b52, , title={{Low HDL cholesterol (hypoalphalipoproteinemia) and management}} , author={{ NSVibhuti }} , year={2016} } @incollection{b53, , title={{Short-term effects of liraglutide versus vildagliptin on insulin secretion and sensitivity in type 2 diabetes}} , author={{ EWell } and { AChoukem } and { S } and { PDehayem } and { MKatte } and { J-C } and { NMbanya } and { J } and { CSobngwi } and { E }} , booktitle={{PAMJ Conference Proceedings}} , year={2017. Aug. 2017} , note={Liravis study} } @incollection{b54, , title={{Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases}} , booktitle={{WHO, Geneva. 9789241506236_eng.pdf}} , year={2015. 2013-2020, August 14, 2015} } @incollection{b55, , title={{Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes: Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with 55141 participants}} , author={{ SWu } and { IHopper } and { MSkibo } and { HKrum }} , journal={{Cardiovasc Ther}} 32 , year={2014} } @incollection{b56, , title={{Resting heart rate and risk of type 2 diabetes in women}} , author={{ XZhang } and { XOSho } and { YBXiang } and { GYang } and { HLi } and { HCai } and { YTGao } and { WZheng }} , journal={{J Epidemiol}} 39 3 , year={2010} }