# Introduction

asy ambulatory hernia surgery seems to hold sway all over the world as in Chile (1). In Taiwan (2), such a repair was described as "a common and straight forward surgical procedure." In our developing community (3), it is so popular that odd presentation concerning lipoma was documented (4). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present our experience of the rare association with schistosomiasis. Moreover, it is necessary to review world patterns in terms of the diverse countries affected.


# II.

Case Report AN, a 65-year-old man of the Igbo ethnic group presented at the Mater Hospital, Afikpo, with an inguinal swelling of one-year duration. On examination, all systems were essentially normal apart from left-sided gynecomastia. The hernia itself was easily reducible. There was some thickening of it in addition to cream colored hard patches. The submitted cup-shaped mass, which measured 7 cm across, had been removed surgically and safely. Microscopy revealed that the thickening was due to infestation by innumerable ova which were terminally spined characteristically. Therefore, the case was diagnosed as that of Schistosoma haematobium.

Despite the gains in the health care delivery, schistosomiasis has prevailed as a health challenge in the tropics (5). An interesting aspect of it is the publication of hernia case reports such as ours. Among them are those of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (6), and dirofilariasis (7). Elsewhere, Author ?: Medical Foundation & Clinic, Enugu, Nigeria.

Author ?: Mater Hospital, Afikpo, Nigeria. e-mail: wilson.onuigbo@gmail.com rectum polyp case was reported on by the authors concerning our community (8).

Moreover, there was need to review single case reports occurring worldwide. They are as follows: transplant liver in Philippine (9), colon in Sudan (10), skin in Brazil (11,12), cerebrum in China (13), lung in Madagascar (14), skin in Nigeria (15), and infertility in UK (16).

Incidentally, one of us dealt with the historical aspect of the hernia (17). The findings included association with hydrocele, confined intestine, colloid cancer, and swallowed data-stones! Indeed, a most revealing review also came from this community (18). In conclusion, therefore, the subject of herniation as well as the diversification of its presentation is of interest worldwide.
			Schistosomiasis in Inguinal Hernia Sac: Case Report
		
		
			

				


* 
	
		Ambulatory hernia surgery under local anesthesia is feasible and safe in obese patients
		
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		Lipomas in inguinal hernia in a Nigerian community
		
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		Intl J Sci
		
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* 
	
		Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Nigeria
		
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		Systematic review and meta-analysis
				
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* 
	
		
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		Afr J Urol
		
			
			2017
		
	




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		Metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma found incidentally in a paraumbilical hernia sac
		
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		Inter J Surg
		
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* 
	
		Two cases of parasitic granuloma found incidentally in surgical specimens
		
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		Rinsho Byori
		
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		Schistosomiasis manifesting as a rectum polyp in Nigeria
		
			WibOnuigbo
		
		
			CMAnyaeze
		
	
	
		Intl J Res Stud Med Hlth Sci
		
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		Incidental schistosomiasis in transplant liver: A case report and review of the literature
		
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		A case of schistosoma mansoni infection treated during the prepatent period
		
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		Ectopic cutaneous schistosomiasis -Case report
		
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		Oriental schistosomiasis with neurological complications: care report
		
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		Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob
		
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		Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers: Case report and review of the literature
		
			BIPavlin
		
		
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			MSCetron
		
	
	
		Trav Med Infect Dis
		
			
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* 
	
		Cutaneous schistosomiasis: Case report and literature review
		
			ATAtanda
		
		
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		Ann Nig Med
		
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		Schistosomiasis of the abdominal cavity and infertility: a case report
		
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			AKoumousidis
		
	
	
		Obstet Gynecology
		
			2
			6
			57
			2013
		
	




* 
	
		Some historical parameters of the hernia
		
			WibOnuigbo
		
	
	
		Res Chron Hlth Sci
		
			2
			3
			
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* 
	
		Inguinal hernia. A review
		
			WibOnuigbo
		
		
			GBNjeze
		
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		J Surg Ope Care
		
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