# Introduction nlike primitive people, modern people have smaller jaws and weaker biting power. Maintaining a healthy oral condition helps maintain and improve health. In Japan, there is an 8020 campaign (keeping 20 teeth until age 80). Tooth brushing learned during kindergarten and elementary school, and it needs to teach at home. However, it is often impossible to brush each after meals. It has reported overseas that tooth education has a good effect on tooth brusing 1,2) . Similarly, for other dental care, there is a good point that knowledge and education about teeth motivate 3,4) . It is good to provide oral care because keeping healthy teeth affects our eating habits. Therefore, this study reports the results of a questionnaire survey on teeth for participants who visited the university festival. # II. # Materials and Methods # a) Participants Participants were 34 high school students, 55 university students, and 23 middle-age people. Participants voluntarily participated in the survey. # b) Questionnaire survey method The questionnaire items for teeth shown in Table 2. First of all, the participants answered ten items shown in Table 2 in a self-administered from with a yes or no answer. After that, participants described in the questionnaire about the hardness of meals they usually eat and the average time (minutes) to eat. Finally, at the time of participation, multiple answers were given when brushing teeth (after breakfast, after lunch, after dinner, after snack). # c) Ethical review board This study conducted with the approval of the Ethical Review Board (Nagoya women's university 'hitowo mochiita kennkyuunikansuru iinnkai'). The approval number is 30-7 and 30-17. # III. # Results # a) Participants Participants were 34 high school students, 55 university students, and 23 middle-age people. Participants voluntarily participated in the survey. Table 1 shows the average and standard deviation (SD) of the age of participants, the average and SD of height, and the average and SD of weight. Among the participants, 34 high school students answered ten questions about teeth, as shown in Table 3. High school students answered that they had no partial or full dentures. However, there were high school students who answered that the gums had swollen (35.3%). Table 3: Questionnaire result about tooth for high school students (n=34) Table 4 shows the results of questions about dental that university students made. Similar to high school students, university students do not have partial or full dentures, but someone had swollen gums (25.5%). Also, more university students applied fluoride to their teeth (90.9%) than high school students (64.7%). Table 5 shows the results of the questionnaire regarding middle-age teeth. The middle-age also had no a trial or full dentures. Middle Age often had swollen gums (52.2%), and few of them applied fluoride (17.4%). We asked the participants about the hardness of the food they usually eat (see Table 6 and 7). As a result, most participants answered that the foods they usually eat were a little hard or a little soft. However, a high school student answered the question that she eat soft food. # Table 6: Hardness of the usually-eat-meal (n=112) Table 7: Hardness of the usually-eat-meal (%) (n=112) We asked the participants about the time to eat (see Table 8). As a result, they were spending more lunch than breakfast and more dinner than lunch. But the middle-ages took less time in all than the students. The participants asked whether they would brush their teeth after eating with multiple answers (see Table 9). As a result, most participants answered that they would brush their teeth after breakfast and dinner. They would not polish after lunch. # Morning Daytime # Discussion As a result of questions about teeth to people who attended this university festival, no one had full or partial dentures until the middle-ages. Most participants answered that they would brush their teeth after breakfast and dinner. They would not polish after lunch. It reported that many students abroad brush their teeth twice or more a day 5) . In particular, females brushed their teeth better than males and used dental floss 5,6) . The participants in the middle-ages were applying fluorine than students, and many had swollen gums. Also, the time to spend eating for breakfast and lunch were short and tended to eat soft foods. Middle-ages are the age that requires the prevention of alveolar pyorrhea, and maintaining 20 teeth by the age of 80 is likely to be difficult if the teeth are not valued. It has reported that the results of middle-age teeth surveys overseas also indicate that gingivitis and inflammation around the teeth are common 7) . And education should be provided from the perspective of public health 7) . Many participants, ever student, have experience with swollen gums. Itreported that a few Japanese people control plaque 8) . It also reported that there are many Koreans who are the same Asian people who bleed from their gums when brushing their teeth compared to Americans 9) . Since the staple food of Asians is rice, it may be one of the causes of gingivitis that it is tender and sticky and easily attaches to teeth. Also, in this study, since a high school student answered that she usually eats soft foods, we thought it would be good to investigate how much chewing power they had. The Japanese staple food is rice, which is soft, so we would like to find out if it has enough chewing power. V. # Conclusions A questionnaire survey on teeth was conducted for thig school students, university students, Middle Ages who participated in the university festival. As a result, many young students had swollen gums, and few the middle-ages were applying fluoride. Participants replied that they would eat either hard or soft food in their usual diet. Participants spent less time (20-30 minutes) on meals of all ages, with Middle Age having breakfast within 10 minutes, lunch within 15 minutes, and dinner around 20 minutes. There are many soft foods in the Japanese diet, and we would like to find out by grasping whether or not they have sufficient chewing power. 2 1 4Year 20202 5 8Year 20203 9IV. ## Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Japanese Society of Taste Technology, 2019. * Dental health attitudes and behaviour among dental students in Jordan KBNusair QAlomari KSaid Community Dent Health 23 2006 * Differences in self-reported oral health behavior between dental students and dental technology/dental hygiene students in Jordan AMAl-Wahadni MKAl-Omiri MKawamura J Oral Sci 46 2004 * The evolution of dental health in dental students at the University of Barcelona FJCortes CNevot JMRamon ECuenca J Dent Educ 66 2002 * Oral self-care behavior among dental school students in Greece APolychronopoulou MKawamura TAthanasouli J Oral Sci 44 2002 * An assessment of oral selfcare in the student population of a Turkish university TKirtiloglu USYavuz Public Health 120 2006 * Gender-specific oral health attitudes and behavior among dental students in Jordan QDAl-Omari AAHamasha J Contemp Dent Pract 6 2005 * Periodontal diseases among Quebec adults aged 35 to 44 years JMBrodeur MPayette MBeniger ACharbonneau MOlivier DChabot J Can Dent Assoc 67 34 2001 * A comparison of self-reported dental health attitudes and behavior between selected Japanese and Australian students MKawamura YIwamoto FAWright J Dent Educ 61 1997 * Comparison of United States and Korean dental hygiene students using Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) MKawamura ASpadafora KJKim TKomabayashi Int Dent J 52 2002