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\title{Effect of Alcohol Disinfection on the Handle and Blade of Vegetables Knives by using ATP Inspection and Microbial Stamp Test}
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             \author[1]{Naomi  Katayama}

             \author[2]{Akemi  Ito}

             \author[3]{Mayumi  Hirabayashi}

             \author[4]{Natuki  Sasaki}

             \author[5]{Moe  Inuzuka}

             \affil[1]{  Nagoya Women?s University}

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\date{\small \em Received: 14 December 2019 Accepted: 31 December 2019 Published: 15 January 2020}

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\begin{abstract}
        


To prevent food poisoning, we focused on kitchen vegetable knives, which are likely to cause secondary contamination, and conducted hygiene inspections to obtain results. The values after cooking and after washing, and after washing and after 70%spraying alcohol compared using the ATP wiping test and the microbial stamp test (selective medium: general bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus). As a result, the ATP test value decreased statistically significantly and became 100 or less after 70%alcohol sprayings. However, not all of the bacterial counts in the selective medium were statistically significantly different even after 70%alcohol sprayings. The reason the data was not clear due to 70% alcohol spray conditions. It may be advisable to perform a microbiological stamp test after applying 70%alcohol spray multiple times instead of once to a fully moistened knife handle and blade. In the future, we would like to consider the handling of more hygienic cooking utensils by further changing the 70%alcohol spraying conditions and conducting, Microbiological tests using a selective medium.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{ATP test, microbial stamp test, the handle of the knife, the blade of the knife, alcohol disinfection.}

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{{\textit{CrossRef DOI of original article:}} \underline{10.34257/GJMRKVOL20IS12PG13}}
\end{textblock*}\let\tabcellsep& 	 	 		 
\section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par
leaning and disinfecting cooking utensils, and cleaning and disinfecting hands, avoid the risk of food poisoning. Cleaning and disinfecting kitchen knives, which often come into contact with food, helps prevent secondary contamination. Many researchers have achieved hygiene management in hospitals and other kitchens through hygiene education \hyperref[b0]{1,}\hyperref[b1]{2,}\hyperref[b2]{3,}\hyperref[b3]{4)} . In particular, hygiene management using the ATP wiping test made it possible to create an easy-to-understand and hygienic environment by expressing invisible microorganisms as ATP values \hyperref[b4]{5,}\hyperref[b5]{6,}\hyperref[b6]{7,}\hyperref[b7]{8)} . In the past, we also reported the results of hygiene tests on kitchen utensils using ATP wiping test \hyperref[b8]{9,}\hyperref[b9]{10,}\hyperref[b10]{11)} . Since it is impossible to know what kind of bacteria are present in the ATP wiping test, a more detailed hygiene test can obtain by examining food poisoning bacteria using a microbial II. 
\section[{Materials and Methods}]{Materials and Methods} 
\section[{a) Hygiene tests on Kitchen knife}]{a) Hygiene tests on Kitchen knife}\par
Hygiene tests on six vegetable knives performed using the ATP test kit (KIKKOMAN CO., Ltd.) and the microbial stamp test kit (NISSUI Co., Ltd.). 
\section[{b) ATP wiping tests}]{b) ATP wiping tests}\par
ATP wiping tests performed on the handles and blades of 6 meat and fish knives. The ATP test was performed by the inspector three times immediately after cooking, after washing, and after 70\%spraying alcohol. The inspector recorded the ATP test results. 
\section[{c) Microbial stamp test}]{c) Microbial stamp test}\par
And the inspector performed a microbial stamp test as same as ATP tests (three times: after cooking, after washing, and after spraying alcohol). The microbial stamp was then cultured in an incubator at 38 degrees for three days. After culturing, microbial stamps were counted and recorded by the inspector. 
\section[{d) Statistical processing}]{d) Statistical processing}\par
The results obtained compared using statistical methods. Compared data were subjected to an F test to determine whether to use a parametric test or nonparametric test. When there is no difference in the F test, the presence or absence of a significant difference was confirmed using the student t-test with or without a correspondence. If there was a difference in the F test, the presence or absence of a significant difference was confirmed using the Wilcoxon test with a pair or the Mann-Whitney test without correlation. 
\section[{III.}]{III.} 
\section[{Results}]{Results} 
\section[{a) Vegetable knife: ATP results and microorganisms stamp test results of Alcohol disinfection i. ATP test results of vegetable kitchen knife handle and blade}]{a) Vegetable knife: ATP results and microorganisms stamp test results of Alcohol disinfection i. ATP test results of vegetable kitchen knife handle and blade}\par
The ATP test values were lower on both the handle and blade of vegetable knives after washing than after cooking, and after spraying 70\% alcohol than after washing. After spraying alcohol, the ATP value of both the handle and blade of the knife was 100 or less. It judged that the handle and blade of the vegetable knife were in a hygienic condition (See Table  {\ref 1 and Table 2}). 
\section[{b) Microbial stamp test results of vegetable kitchen knife handle and blade}]{b) Microbial stamp test results of vegetable kitchen knife handle and blade}\par
i. General bacteria A microbial stamp test (general bacteria) performed on the handle and blade of a vegetable knife. The results are shown in Tables \hyperref[tab_1]{3 and 4}. Bacterial counts decreased after washing than after cooking and after 70\%alcohol sprayings than after washing, not all were statistically significant. The number of microorganisms after spraying with 70\%alcohol was not sufficiently reduced as compared with that after washing. ( D D D D ) ii. Escherichia Coli (E Coli)\par
The number of E. coli performed on the handle and blade of a vegetable knife. The results shown in Tables \hyperref[tab_3]{5 and 6}. Bacterial counts decreased after washing than after cooking and after 70\%alcohol sprayings than after washing, not all were statistically significant. The number of microorganisms on the handle of the kitchen vegetable knife did not decrease statistically significantly. 
\section[{iii. Staphylococcus aureus}]{iii. Staphylococcus aureus}\par
Tables \hyperref[tab_5]{7 and 8} show the results for Staphylococcus aureus. There was no statistically significant difference between the knife blade after cooking and after cleaning and after cleaning and after70\% spraying alcohol. However, the number of bacteria is decreasing. The number of bacteria on the handle of the kitchen vegetable knife is statistically significantly reduces after washing and after spraying with 70\%alcohol.  
\section[{iv. Salmonella}]{iv. Salmonella}\par
The results of Salmonella shown in Tables \hyperref[tab_7]{9 and  10}. The number of bacteria decreased after washing than after cooking and after spraying 70\%alcohol than after washing. However, the number of Salmonella was not statistically significantly reduced in the handle of the kitchen vegetable knife. With the knife blade, the number of Salmonella bacteria after70\% alcohol spraying was statistically significantly lower than that after cooking. ( D D D D ) K v. Vibrio parahaemolyticus\par
The results of Vibrio parahaemolyticus shown in Tables \hyperref[tab_9]{11 and 12}. The number of bacteria decreased after washing than after cooking and after spraying 70\%alcohol than after washing, but there was no statistically significant difference.\par
IV. 
\section[{Discussion}]{Discussion}\par
This time, the ATP value became 100 or less after spraying 70\%alcohol, and the handle and blade of the knife became hygienic. However, the results of the microbial stamp test using the selective medium showed that the number of bacteria did not decrease sufficiently even after spraying with 70\%alcohol. The bactericidal effect of alcohol spray differed depending on the type of bacteria. After cleaning, wipe off the water sufficiently and spray 70\%alcohol, and we think it is better to spray 70\%alcohol multiple times instead of once. In the future, we would like to count the number of microorganisms by sterilizing by increasing the number of 70\%alcohol sprays. aureus, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus) on the handle and blade of vegetable knives for the use of hygienic cooking utensils in the kitchen went. As a result, the ATP value after washing after cooking and after spraying70\% alcohol was statistically significantly lower than after washing. However, although each bacterium in the selective medium decreased, not all of them were statistically significant. In the future, after cooking, we would like to wipe off the water from the kitchen vegetable knife and then spray70\%alcohol, and then spray 70\%alcohol multiple times instead of once before conducting a microbiological test. \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{3} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.04258872651356994\textwidth}P{0.4282533054975644\textwidth}P{0.20998608211551842\textwidth}P{0.04495476687543493\textwidth}P{0.09700765483646485\textwidth}P{0.01951983298538622\textwidth}P{0.007689631176061238\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{5}{l}{Table1. ATP test value and statistical processing result of Kitchen knife Handle}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep No alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Alcohol treatment}\\
\tabcellsep For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{Before washing After washing After washing}\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
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\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 12836\tabcellsep 3691\tabcellsep 3691\tabcellsep 77\\
\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 13009\tabcellsep 4260\tabcellsep 4260\tabcellsep 28\\
\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 2531\tabcellsep 2813\tabcellsep 2813\tabcellsep 18\\
\tabcellsep Average value\tabcellsep 38028.7\tabcellsep 3844.8\tabcellsep 3844.8\tabcellsep 35.5\\
\tabcellsep SD\tabcellsep 60934.6\tabcellsep 2120.4\tabcellsep 2120.4\tabcellsep 26.6\\
\tabcellsep F test\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\\
Year 2020\tabcellsep Student-t* Wilcoxon F test Student-t* Wilcoxon\tabcellsep P=0.046*\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001** P=0.028*}\tabcellsep P=0.028*\\
2\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\\
Volume XX Issue XII Version I\tabcellsep \multicolumn{5}{l}{No alcohol treatment Before washing After washing After washing Alcohol treatment 157036 163 163 183 1232 1232 4635 91 91 7962 58 58 382923 664 664 1102 529 529 92306.8 456.2 456.2 155082.7 453.5 453.5 Table2. ATP test value and statistical processing result of Kitchen knife Blade For vegetables After alcohol 1 45 2 21 3 47 4 7 5 8 6 15 Average value 23.8 SD 17.9 F test Student-t* Wilcoxon F test Student-t* P-0.0001** P=0.0001** P=0.075 P=0.028* P=0.0001**}\\
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Medical Research\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Global Journal of\tabcellsep For vegetables 1 2 3 4 5 6\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{No alcohol treatment Before washing After washing 22 14 35 18 41 20 10 1 70 3 20 3}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Alcohol treatment After washing After alcohol 14 3 18 15 20 20 1 3 3 2 3 0}\\
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\tabcellsep Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.028*}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_0}Table 3}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{4} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.2949288256227758\textwidth}P{0.16637010676156583\textwidth}P{0.02722419928825623\textwidth}P{0.11797153024911032\textwidth}P{0.18149466192170818\textwidth}P{0.06201067615658363\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{No alcohol treatment}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Alcohol treatment}\\
\multicolumn{4}{l}{For vegetables Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{After washing After alcohol}\\
1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 49\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 4\\
2\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 26\\
3\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 17\tabcellsep 17\tabcellsep 2\\
4\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 41\tabcellsep 59\tabcellsep 59\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 198\tabcellsep 48\tabcellsep 48\tabcellsep 21\\
6\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 44\tabcellsep 44\tabcellsep 0\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{Average value}\tabcellsep 49.3\tabcellsep 30.3\tabcellsep 30.3\tabcellsep 8.8\\
SD\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 75.8\tabcellsep 23.1\tabcellsep 23.1\tabcellsep 11.6\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep P=0.021*\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.473}\\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.206}\\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep P=0.028*\tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.138}\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{No alcohol treatment}\tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\\
For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Before washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 3\\
2\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0\\
3\tabcellsep 34\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 11\\
4\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\\
6\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
Average value\tabcellsep 7.3\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 3.0\tabcellsep 3.0\tabcellsep 2.3\\
SD\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{13.4}\tabcellsep 5.5\tabcellsep 5.5\tabcellsep 4.4\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_1}Table 4}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{5} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.29473684210526313\textwidth}P{0.24736842105263154\textwidth}P{0.08421052631578947\textwidth}P{0.15789473684210525\textwidth}P{0.06578947368421052\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep P=0.024*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.301}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.826}\\
\tabcellsep P=0.787\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.008**}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.068}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep No alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{For vegetables Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 35\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 4\\
2\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 21\tabcellsep 21\tabcellsep 2\\
3\tabcellsep 66\tabcellsep 78\tabcellsep 78\tabcellsep 0\\
4\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep 55\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 1\\
6\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\\
Average value\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 17.3\tabcellsep 17.3\tabcellsep 1.2\\
SD\tabcellsep 29.0\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 1.6\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_2}Table 5}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{6} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.6876404494382022\textwidth}P{0.16235955056179774\textwidth}}
P=0.444\tabcellsep P=0.0001**\\
P=426\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep P=0.173\\
P=0.0001**\tabcellsep \\
P=0.043*\tabcellsep \\
*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01\tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_3}Table 6}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{7} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.2411965811965812\textwidth}P{0.29495726495726493\textwidth}P{0.07555555555555556\textwidth}P{0.15982905982905982\textwidth}P{0.07846153846153846\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{processing result}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep No alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \\
For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 65\tabcellsep 42\tabcellsep 42\tabcellsep 0\\
2\tabcellsep 70\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0\\
3\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 64\tabcellsep 64\tabcellsep 3\\
4\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\\
6\tabcellsep 70\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0\\
Average value\tabcellsep 36.8\tabcellsep 20.7\tabcellsep 20.7\tabcellsep 0.5\\
SD\tabcellsep 34.6\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 1.2\\
F test\tabcellsep P=0.259\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\\
Student-t*\tabcellsep P=0.425\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.028}\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0..028*}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep No alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \\
For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 40\tabcellsep 39\tabcellsep 39\tabcellsep 0\\
2\tabcellsep 17\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 11\\
3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0\\
4\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep 45\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 6\\
6\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 52\\
Average value\tabcellsep 17.8\tabcellsep 11.0\tabcellsep 11.0\tabcellsep 11.5\\
SD\tabcellsep 20.1\tabcellsep 14.7\tabcellsep 14.7\tabcellsep 20.3\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_4}Table 7}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{8} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.21842105263157896\textwidth}P{0.35\textwidth}P{0.06842105263157895\textwidth}P{0.14736842105263157\textwidth}P{0.06578947368421052\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{processing result}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep P=0.231\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.223}\\
\tabcellsep P=0.453\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.957}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.488}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.660}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep No alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \\
For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 4\\
2\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
3\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
4\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0\\
6\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
Average value\tabcellsep 1.8\tabcellsep 0.5\tabcellsep 0.5\tabcellsep 0.7\\
??\tabcellsep 3.5\tabcellsep 1.2\tabcellsep 1.2\tabcellsep 1.6\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_5}Table 8}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{9} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.7116279069767442\textwidth}P{0.13837209302325582\textwidth}}
P=0.010*\tabcellsep P=0.251\\
\tabcellsep P=0.862\\
P=0.465\tabcellsep \\
P=0.041*\tabcellsep \\
P=0.109\tabcellsep \\
*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01\tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_6}Table 9}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{10} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.32124773960216996\textwidth}P{0.19367088607594934\textwidth}P{0.04764918625678119\textwidth}P{0.05840867992766727\textwidth}P{0.15216998191681735\textwidth}P{0.07685352622061482\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{No alcohol treatment}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\\
\multicolumn{5}{l}{For vegetables Before washing After washing After washing}\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 35\tabcellsep 94\tabcellsep 94\tabcellsep 0\\
2\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
3\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
4\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 130\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\\
6\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{Average value}\tabcellsep 28.8\tabcellsep 15.8\tabcellsep 15.8\tabcellsep 0.2\\
??\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 51.3\tabcellsep 38.3\tabcellsep 38.3\tabcellsep 0.4\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep P=0.247\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep P=0.629\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=3.17}\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep P=0.028*\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{No alcohol treatment}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\\
For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{71}\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 1\\
3\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{28}\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 3\\
4\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 2\\
5\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 7\\
6\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
Average value\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{16.8}\tabcellsep 4.2\tabcellsep 4.2\tabcellsep 2.2\\
??\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{28.7}\tabcellsep 8.8\tabcellsep 8.8\tabcellsep 2.6\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_7}Table 10}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{11} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.2125\textwidth}P{0.35075301204819276\textwidth}P{0.07424698795180723\textwidth}P{0.14849397590361446\textwidth}P{0.06400602409638555\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{processing result}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep P=0.006**\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.005**}\\
\tabcellsep P=0.225\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.715}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.0001**}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{P=0.418}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep No alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Alcohol treatment\tabcellsep \\
For vegetables\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Before washing After washing}\tabcellsep After washing\tabcellsep After alcohol\\
1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 1\\
2\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0\\
3\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
4\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 0\\
5\tabcellsep 40\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0\\
6\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0\\
Average value\tabcellsep 6.8\tabcellsep 1.3\tabcellsep 1.3\tabcellsep 0.2\\
??\tabcellsep 16.3\tabcellsep 1.5\tabcellsep 1.5\tabcellsep 0.4\\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
F test\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Student-t*\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Wilcoxon\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_8}Table 11}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{12} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.7005494505494505\textwidth}P{0.14945054945054945\textwidth}}
P=0.001**\tabcellsep P=0.003**\\
P=1.000\tabcellsep P=0.144\\
P=0.0001**\tabcellsep \\
P=0.423\tabcellsep \\
*Paired Student-t test * P<0.05, ** P<0.01\tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_9}Table 12}\end{figure}
 			\footnote{© 2020 Global Journals} 			\footnote{Effect of Alcohol Disinfection on the Handle and Blade of Vegetables Knives by using ATP Inspection and Microbial Stamp Test} 		 		\backmatter   			 
\subsection[{Acknowledgments}]{Acknowledgments}\par
We would like to thank all the cooks who participated in this experiment. Also, we would like to thank the inspectors who also performed the ATP inspection. 			  			  				\begin{bibitemlist}{1}
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\end{document}
