@incollection{, 3C66BBBA0DFBD5A2C3F03C73A339F56D , author={{Bikash BikramThapa} and {BinaBasnet} and {Nepalese Army Institute of Medical Sciences}}, journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}}, journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}2112937 } @incollection{b0, , title={{Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors}} , author={{ MFassnacht } and { WArlt } and { IBancos } and { HDralle } and { JNewell-Price } and { ASahdev } and { ATabarin } and { MTerzolo } and { STsagarakis } and { OMDekkers }} , journal={{Eur J}} 175 2 , year={Endocrinol2016 Aug} } @incollection{b1, , title={{Aberrant adrenal sensitivity to multiple ligands in unilateral incidentaloma with subclinical autonomous cortisol hypersecretion: a prospective clinical study}} , author={{ YReznik } and { HLefebvre } and { VRohmer } and { BCharbonnel } and { ATabarin } and { PRodien } and { PLecomte } and { SBardet } and { CCoffin } and { JMahoudeau }} , journal={{Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)}} 61 3 , year={2004 Sep} } @incollection{b2, , title={{Recommended evaluation of adrenal incidentalomas is costly, has high false-positive rates and confers a risk of fatal cancer that is similar to the risk of the adrenal lesion becoming malignant; time for a rethink?}} , author={{ TJCawood } and { PJHunt } and { O'Shea } and { DCole } and { DSoule } and { S }} , journal={{Eur J}} 161 4 , year={Endocrinol2009 Oct} } @incollection{b3, , title={{A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Society of Endocrinology}} , author={{ FMantero } and { MTerzolo } and { GArnaldi } and { GOsella } and { AMMasini } and { AAli } and { MGiovagnetti } and { GOpocher } and { AAngeli }} , journal={{J Clin Endocrinol}} 85 2 , year={Metab2000 Feb} } @incollection{b4, , title={{Adrenocortical carcinoma: diagnosis, evaluation and treatment}} , author={{ LNg } and { JMLibertino }} , journal={{J}} 169 1 , year={Urol2003 Jan} } @book{b5, , title={{Adrenal cortical carcinoma. Epidemiology and treatment with mitotane and a review of the literature}} , author={{ MDWooten } and { DKKing }} , year={Cancer1993 Dec 1} 72 } @incollection{b6, , title={{Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline}} , author={{ JWFunder } and { RMCarey } and { CFardella } and { CEGomez-Sanchez } and { FMantero } and { MStowasser } and { WFYoung } and { JrMontori } and { VM }} , journal={{J Clin Endocrinol}} , year={Metab2008} } @incollection{b7, , title={{Role of Aldosterone and Potassium Levels in Sparing Confirmatory Tests in Primary Aldosteronism}} , author={{ HUmakoshi } and { RSakamoto } and { YMatsuda } and { MYokomoto-Umakoshi } and { HNagata } and { TFukumoto } and { MOgata } and { YOgawa }} , journal={{J Clin Endocrinol}} 105 4 , year={Metab2020 Apr 1} } @book{b8, , title={{Mineralocorticoid hypertension}} , author={{ PMStewart }} , year={Lancet1999 Apr 17} 353 } @incollection{b9, , title={{Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma: an unusual cause of Conn's syndrome with an ominous clinical course}} , author={{ TMSeccia } and { AFassina } and { GGNussdorfer } and { ACPessina } and { GPRossi }} , journal={{Endocr Relat}} 12 1 , year={Cancer2005 Mar} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Clinical Characteristics of Primary Aldosteronism from an Analysis of 145 Cases}} , author={{ JWConn } and { RFKnopf } and { RMNesbit }} , journal={{Am J}} 107 , year={Surg1964 Jan} } @incollection{b11, , title={{Somatic mutations in adrenocortical carcinoma with primary aldosteronism or hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism}} , author={{ ICMouat } and { KOmata } and { ASMcdaniel } and { NGHattangady } and { DTalapatra } and { AKCani } and { DHHovelson } and { SATomlins } and { WERainey } and { GDHammer } and { TJGiordano } and { TElse }} , journal={{Endocr Relat}} 26 2 , year={Cancer2019 Feb} } @book{b12, , title={{Aldosterone-secreting adrenocortical carcinomas are associated with unique operative risks and outcomes}} , author={{ MLKendrick } and { KCurlee } and { RLloyd } and { DRFarley } and { CSGrant } and { GBThompson } and { CRowland } and { WFYoung } and { JrVan Heerden } and { JA }} , year={Surgery2002 Dec} 132 , note={discussion 12} } @incollection{b13, , title={{Adrenal cortical carcinoma--a continuing challenge}} , author={{ DJHenley } and { JAVan Heerden } and { CSGrant } and { JACarney } and { PCCarpenter }} , journal={{Surgery}} 94 6 , year={1983 Dec} } @incollection{b14, , title={{}} , author={{ RDSchulick } and { MFBrennan }} , journal={{Adrenocortical carcinoma. World J}} 17 1 , year={Urol1999 Feb} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Clinical features and prognostic factors associated with adrenocortical carcinoma: Lahey Clinic Medical Center experience}} , author={{ NATritos } and { GWCushing } and { GHeatley } and { JALibertino }} , journal={{Am}} 66 1 , year={Surg2000 Jan} } @incollection{b16, , title={{Primary aldosteronism: diagnostic and treatment strategies}} , author={{ CMattsson } and { WFYoung } and { Jr }} , journal={{Nat Clin Pract}} 2 4 30 , year={Nephrol2006 Apr} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Adrenal incidentaloma: an overview of clinical and epidemiological data from the National Italian Study Group}} , author={{ AAngeli } and { GOsella } and { AAli } and { MTerzolo }} , journal={{Horm}} 47 4-6 , year={Res1997} } @book{b18, , title={{Adrenocortical carcinomas and adrenal pheochromocytomas: mass and enhancement loss evaluation at delayed contrastenhanced CT}} , author={{ DHSzolar } and { MKorobkin } and { PReittner } and { ABerghold } and { TBauernhofer } and { HTrummer } and { HSchoellnast } and { KWPreidler } and { HSamonigg }} , year={Radiology2005 Feb} 234 } @book{b19, , title={{Clinical utility of noncontrast computed tomography attenuation value (hounsfield units) to differentiate adrenal adenomas}} , author={{ AHHamrahian } and { AGIoachimescu } and { EMRemer } and { GMotta-Ramirez } and { HBogabathina } and { HSLevin } and { SReddy } and { ISGill } and { ASiperstein } and { ELBravo }} } @incollection{b20, , title={{}} , journal={{Cleveland Clinic experience. J Clin Endocrinol}} 90 2 , year={Metab2005 Feb} } @incollection{b21, , title={{Diagnostic performance of unenhanced computed tomography and (18) Ffluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in indeterminate adrenal tumours}} , author={{ DADelivanis } and { IBancos } and { TDAtwell } and { GDSchmit } and { PWEiken } and { NNatt } and { DErickson } and { SMaraka } and { WFYoung } and { MANathan }} , journal={{Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)}} 88 1 , year={2018 Jan} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Risk assessment in 457 adrenal cortical carcinomas: how much does tumor size predict the likelihood of malignancy?}} , author={{ CSturgeon } and { WTShen } and { OHClark } and { QYDuh } and { EKebebew }} , journal={{J Am Coll}} 202 3 , year={Surg2006 Mar} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Systematic review: diagnostic procedures to differentiate unilateral from bilateral adrenal abnormality in primary aldosteronism}} , author={{ MJKempers } and { JWLenders } and { LVan Outheusden } and { GJVan Der Wilt } and { SchultzeKool } and { LJHermus } and { ARDeinum } and { J }} , journal={{Ann Intern}} 151 5 , year={Med2009 Sep 1} } @incollection{b24, , title={{Accuracy of adrenal imaging and adrenal venous sampling in predicting surgical cure of primary aldosteronism}} , author={{ VLim } and { QGuo } and { CSGrant } and { GBThompson } and { MLRichards } and { DRFarley } and { WFYoung } and { Jr }} , journal={{J Clin Endocrinol}} 99 8 , year={Metab2014 Aug} } @incollection{b25, , title={{18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of adrenal masses}} , author={{ UMetser } and { EMiller } and { HLerman } and { GLievshitz } and { SAvital } and { EEven-Sapir }} , journal={{J Nucl}} 47 1 , year={Med2006 Jan} } @incollection{b26, , title={{Adrenocortical carcinoma: epidemiology and natural history}} , author={{ MBoscaro } and { FFallo } and { LBarzon } and { ODaniele } and { NSonino }} , journal={{Minerva}} 20 1 , year={Endocrinol1995 Mar} } @book{b27, , title={{Adrenocortical carcinoma in surgically treated patients: a retrospective study on 156 cases by the French Association of Endocrine Surgery}} , author={{ PIcard } and { YChapuis } and { BAndreassian } and { ABernard } and { CProye }} , year={Surgery1992 Dec} 112 } @incollection{b28, , title={{Weiss system revisited: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 49 adrenocortical tumors}} , author={{ SAubert } and { AWacrenier } and { XLeroy } and { PDevos } and { BCarnaille } and { CProye } and { JLWemeau } and { MLecomte-Houcke } and { ELeteurtre }} , journal={{Am J Surg}} 26 12 , year={Pathol2002 Dec} } @book{b29, , title={{A thoracic mass with hypertension and hypokalaemia}} , author={{ GPRossi } and { RVendraminelli } and { MCesari } and { ACPessina }} , year={Lancet2000 Nov 4} 356 1570 } @incollection{b30, , title={{Peritoneal carcinomatosis following laparoscopic resection of an adrenocortical tumor causing primary hyperaldosteronism}} , author={{ SDeckers } and { LDerdelinckx } and { VCol } and { JHamels } and { DMaiter }} , journal={{Horm}} 52 2 , year={Res1999} } @incollection{b31, , title={{The Weiss system for evaluating adrenocortical neoplasms: 25 years later}} , author={{ SKLau } and { LMWeiss }} , journal={{Hum}} 40 6 , year={Pathol2009 Jun} } @incollection{b32, , title={{Clinical management of adrenocortical carcinoma}} , author={{ MFassnacht } and { BAllolio }} , journal={{Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol}} 23 2 , year={Metab2009 Apr} } @book{b33, , title={{Limited prognostic value of the 2004 International Union Against Cancer staging classification for adrenocortical carcinoma: proposal for a Revised TNM Classification}} , author={{ MFassnacht } and { SJohanssen } and { MQuinkler } and { PBucsky } and { HSWillenberg } and { FBeuschlein } and { MTerzolo } and { HHMueller } and { SHahner } and { BAllolio }} , year={Cancer2009 Jan 15} 115 } @incollection{b34, , title={{Clinical review: Adrenocortical carcinoma: clinical update}} , author={{ BAllolio } and { MFassnacht }} , journal={{J Clin Endocrinol}} 91 6 , year={Metab2006 Jun} } @incollection{b35, , title={{European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of adrenocortical carcinoma in adults, in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors}} , author={{ MFassnacht } and { OMDekkers } and { TElse } and { EBaudin } and { ABerruti } and { RDe Krijger } and { HRHaak } and { RMihai } and { GAssie } and { MTerzolo }} , journal={{Eur J}} 179 4 , year={Endocrinol2018 Oct 1} } @incollection{b36, , title={{Management of adrenocortical carcinoma}} , author={{ BAllolio } and { SHahner } and { DWeismann } and { MFassnacht }} , journal={{Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)}} 60 3 , year={2004 Mar} } @incollection{b37, , title={{Impact of lymphadenectomy on the oncologic outcome of patients with adrenocortical carcinoma}} , author={{ JReibetanz } and { CJurowich } and { IErdogan } and { CNies } and { NRayes } and { HDralle } and { MBehrend } and { BAllolio } and { MFassnacht }} , journal={{Ann}} 255 2 , year={Surg2012 Feb} } @incollection{b38, , title={{Management of patients with adrenal cancer: recommendations of an international consensus conference}} , author={{ DESchteingart } and { GMDoherty } and { PGGauger } and { TJGiordano } and { GDHammer } and { MKorobkin } and { FPWorden }} , journal={{Endocr Relat}} 12 3 , year={Cancer2005 Sep} } @incollection{b39, , title={{A debate on laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy for adrenocortical carcinoma}} , author={{ FPorpiglia } and { BSMiller } and { MManfredi } and { CFiori } and { GMDoherty }} , journal={{Horm}} 2 6 , year={Cancer2011 Dec} } @incollection{b40, , title={{Laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy for adrenocortical carcinoma: surgical and oncologic outcome in 152 patients}} , author={{ DBrix } and { BAllolio } and { WFenske } and { AAgha } and { HDralle } and { CJurowich } and { PLanger } and { TMussack } and { CNies } and { HRiedmiller } and { MSpahn } and { DWeismann } and { SHahner } and { MFassnacht }} , journal={{Eur}} 58 4 , year={Urol2010 Oct} } @incollection{b41, , title={{Laparoscopic versus Open Adrenalectomy for Stage I/II Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Meta-Analysis of Outcomes}} , author={{ GSgourakis } and { SLanitis } and { AKouloura } and { PZaphiriadou } and { KKarkoulias } and { DRaptis } and { AAnagnostara } and { CCaraliotas }} , journal={{J Invest}} 28 3 , year={Surg2015 Jun} } @incollection{b42, , title={{Adrenocortical carcinoma: clinical, morphologic, and molecular characterization}} , author={{ AStojadinovic } and { RAGhossein } and { AHoos } and { ANissan } and { DMarshall } and { MDudas } and { CCordon-Cardo } and { DPJaques } and { MFBrennan }} , journal={{J Clin}} 20 4 , year={Oncol2002 Feb 15} } @incollection{b43, , title={{Prognostic factors in adrenal cortical tumors. A mathematical analysis of clinical and morphologic data}} , author={{ AJHough } and { JWHollifield } and { DLPage } and { WHHartmann }} , journal={{Am J Clin}} 72 3 , year={Pathol1979 Sep} } @incollection{b44, , title={{Proposal for modification of the ENSAT staging system for adrenocortical carcinoma using tumor grade}} , author={{ BSMiller } and { PGGauger } and { GDHammer } and { TJGiordano } and { GMDoherty }} , journal={{Langenbecks Arch}} 395 7 , year={Surg2010 Sep} } @book{b45, , title={{An eleven-year experience with adrenocortical carcinoma}} , author={{ RFPommier } and { MFBrennan }} } @incollection{b46, , title={{Adjuvant mitotane therapy is beneficial in non-metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma at high risk of recurrence}} , author={{ ACalabrese } and { VBasile } and { SPuglisi } and { PPerotti } and { PiaASaba } and { LBerchialla } and { PPorpiglia } and { FVeltri } and { AVolante } and { MReimondo } and { GBerruti } and { ATerzolo } and { M }} , journal={{Eur J}} 180 6 , year={Endocrinol2019 Jun 1} } @book{b47, , title={{NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology}} , year={Jan 14, 2021} National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN } @incollection{b48, , title={{Vincristine, cisplatin, teniposide, and cyclophosphamide combination in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic adrenocortical cancer}} , author={{ TSKhan } and { ASundin } and { CJuhlin } and { EWilander } and { KOberg } and { BEriksson }} , journal={{Med}} 21 2 , year={Oncol2004} } @book{b49, , title={{Phase II evaluation of cisplatin and etoposide followed by mitotane at disease progression in patients with locally advanced or metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma: a Southwest Oncology Group Study}} , author={{ SKWilliamson } and { DLew } and { GJMiller } and { SPBalcerzak } and { LHBaker } and { EDCrawford }} , year={Cancer2000 Mar 1} 88 } @incollection{b50, , title={{What is the best approach to an apparently nonmetastatic adrenocortical carcinoma?}} , author={{ MFassnacht } and { BAllolio }} , journal={{Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)}} 73 5 , year={2010 Nov} }