@incollection{,
	
					
					
					26616ED095881D763FFA8242BE408D54
				,
	author={{Haitham Yousif ElhajMohammed} and {University of Khartoum}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}},
	journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1343136
}

@book{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{A new System of Anatomy. Saunders-elsevier}}
		,
	author={{
			Lord Zucllerman
		}}
		
			,
	year={1981}
			72
			
		
	

}

@book{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oxford clinical Surgery}}
		,
	author={{
			GregMclatchiea
		}}
		
			,
	year={2007}
			,
	publisher={Oxford University Press}
			
		
	

}

@book{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bailey and loves. Holder-Arnold}}
		,
	author={{
			.SNorman
		} and {
			Williams
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2008}
			
		
	

}

@book{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{prevention of infection in the treatment of open fractures of long bones}}
		,
	author={{
			RBGustillo
		} and {
			JTAnderson
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={1976}
			
		
	

}

@book{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Grinding machine injury of the hand: preliminary report}}
		1628550
		
	

}

@book{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bureau of Labor Statistics}}
		
			,
	year={2006}
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Degloving injuries of the hand and fingers}}
		,
	author={{
			RAdani
		} and {
			CCastagnetti
		} and {
			ALandi
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Clin Orthop Relat Res}}
		
			314
			
			,
	year={1995}
		
	

}

@incollection{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{Classification of softtissue degloving in limb trauma}}
		,
	author={{
			ZMArnez
		} and {
			UKhan
		} and {
			MPTyler
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg}}
		
			63
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Degloving injuries of the hand and fingers}}
		,
	author={{
			RAdani
		} and {
			CCastagnetti
		} and {
			ALandi
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Clin Orthop Relat Res}}
		
			314
			
			,
	year={1995}
		
	

}

@incollection{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Digital avulsion with compromised vascularization: study of 23 cases in children}}
		,
	author={{
			YLefèvre
		} and {
			CMallet
		} and {
			BIlharreborde
		} and {
			PJehanno
		} and {
			JMFrajmann
		} and {
			GFPenneçot
		} and {
			KMazda
		} and {
			FFitoussi
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Pediatr Orthop}}
		
			31
			
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{Salvage of the skin envelope in complex incomplete avulsion injury of thumb with venous arterializaiton: A case report}}
		,
	author={{
			YHLin
		} and {
			CHJeng
		} and {
			CHHsieh
		} and {
			HCLin
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Microsurgery}}
		
			30
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature}}
		,
	author={{
			DAntoniou
		} and {
			AKyriakidis
		} and {
			AZaharopoulos
		} and {
			SMoskoklaidis
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Eur J Trauma}}
		
			31
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{An unusual degloving injury of the hand}}
		,
	author={{
			JTDavis
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Am J Surg}}
		
			108
			
			,
	year={1964}
		
	

}

@incollection{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Treatment of traumatic degloving injuries of the fingers and hand: Introducing the "compartmented abdominal flap}}
		,
	author={{
			SNazerani
		} and {
			MHMotamedi
		} and {
			TNazerani
		} and {
			BBidarmaghz
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg}}
		
			15
			
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{Repair of whole-hand destructive injury and hand degloving injury with transplant of pedis compound free flap}}
		,
	author={{
			JJu
		} and {
			QZhao
		} and {
			YLiu
		} and {
			CWei
		} and {
			LLi
		} and {
			JinGLi
		} and {
			JLiu
		} and {
			XWang
		} and {
			HHou
		} and {
			R
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi}}
		
			23
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{Treatment of degloving injury of three fingers with an anterolateral thigh flap}}
		,
	author={{
			GYu
		} and {
			HYLei
		} and {
			SGuo
		} and {
			HYu
		} and {
			JHHuang
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Chin J Traumatol}}
		
			14
			
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{Use of latissimus dorsi perforator flap to facilitate simultaneous great toe-to-thumb transfer in hand salvage}}
		,
	author={{
			YHKim
		} and {
			SWNg
		} and {
			SKYoun
		} and {
			CYKim
		} and {
			JTKim
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg}}
		
			64
			
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Thumb reconstruction with modified free wraparound flap}}
		,
	author={{
			LZhang
		} and {
			YPan
		} and {
			GTian
		} and {
			WTian
		} and {
			XGuo
		} and {
			MWang
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi}}
		
			24
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@book{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Grinding machine injury of the hand: a preliminary report -abstract}}
		
			,
	publisher={Europe PubMed central}
		
	

}

@incollection{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Causes and consequences of hand injuries}}
		,
	author={{
			MTrybus
		} and {
			JLorkowski
		} and {
			LBrongel
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Am J Surg}}
		
			192
			
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{Trauma care in Africa, the way forward}}
		,
	author={{
			CMock
		} and {
			RQuansah
		} and {
			OKobusingye
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{African J Trauma}}
		
			2
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@book{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{Epidemiology of hand injuries in the middle-sized city in Southern Sweden: a retrospective comparison of}}
		,
	author={{
			HERosberg
		} and {
			LBDahlin
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={1989. 1997}
		
	

}

@incollection{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg}}
		
			38
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Handedness and hand injuries}}
		,
	author={{
			AABeaton
		} and {
			LWilliam
		} and {
			LGMoseley
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Hand Surg [Br}}
		
			19
			
			,
	year={1994}
		
	

}

@incollection{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{Hand Injury Severity Score" and its correlation with functional outcome}}
		,
	author={{
			PSaxena
		} and {
			LCutler
		} and {
			LFeldberg
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Injury}}
		
			35
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	
	,
	note={Assessment of the severity of hand injuries using}

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{Occupational hand injuries}}
		,
	author={{
			MTrybus
		} and {
			PGuzik
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Med Pr}}
		
			55
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Prospective study of patients with hand injuries: Tikur Anbessa University Teaching Hospital, Addis Abba}}
		,
	author={{
			EAhmed
		} and {
			TChaka
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Ethiop Med J}}
		
			44
			
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Hand Injury Severity Scoring system}}
		,
	author={{
			DACampbell
		} and {
			SpjKay
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Hand Surg Br}}
		
			21
			
			,
	year={1996}
		
	

}

@incollection{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{The economic impact of hand injuries}}
		,
	author={{
			MEO'sullivan
		} and {
			JColville
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Hand Surg Br}}
		
			18
			
			,
	year={1993}
		
	

}

@incollection{b29,
	
	
		,
	title={{Outcome of hand trauma: the Injury Severity Scoring system (HISS) and subsequent impairment and disability}}
		,
	author={{
			ABMink Van Der Molen
		} and {
			AMEttema
		} and {
			SerHovius
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Hand Surg Br}}
		
			28
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{Hand injuries in Finland}}
		,
	author={{
			SNieminen
		} and {
			MNurmi
		} and {
			UIsberg
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg}}
		
			15
			
			,
	year={1981}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{1086 consecutive injuries caused by glass}}
		,
	author={{
			JOusby
		} and {
			DHWilson
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Injury}}
		
			13
			
			,
	year={1982}
		
	

}

@incollection{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{Hand injuries in young children}}
		,
	author={{
			ELjungberg
		} and {
			HERosberg
		} and {
			LBDahlin
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{J Hand Surg Br}}
		
			28
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{A review of amputation of 106 hand digits}}
		,
	author={{
			PBOlaitan
		} and {
			BCJiburum
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Nigerian J Orthop Trauma}}
		
			7
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}