@incollection{, 041E87AC71756B15A9968BC11ACCEA6B , author={{Saad S.Al-Dujaily}}, journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}}, journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1372530 } @book{b0, , title={{Effect of pentoxifylline (TrentalĀ®) on human sperm in vitro activation of asthenospermic infertile patients}} , author={{ RSAbid }} , year={2005} High diploma thesis Institute of Embryo Research on Infertility Treatment/ Al-Nahrian University } @incollection{b1, , title={{Effects of l-carnitine and pentoxifylline on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase C4 isozyme and motility of testicular spermatozoa in mice}} , author={{ EAliabadi } and { FKarimi } and { MRasti } and { MAkmali } and { TEsmaeilpour }} , journal={{J Reprod Infertil}} 14 2 , year={2013} } @incollection{b2, , title={{Efficacy and safety of semen in patient with oligospermia: an open clinical study}} , author={{ HSAgarwal } and { KSKulkarni }} , journal={{Indian J. Clin. Practice}} 14 2 , year={2003} } @incollection{b3, , title={{Carnitine and male infertiity}} , author={{ AAgarwal } and { TMSaid }} , journal={{Reprod. Biomed}} 8 , year={2004} } @incollection{b4, , title={{Cellular basis of defective sperm function and its association with the genesis of reactive oxygen species by human spermatozoa}} , author={{ RJAitken } and { JSClarkson }} , journal={{J. Reprod.Fertil}} 18 , year={1987} } @incollection{b5, , title={{Effect of Glycyrrhiza extract on in vitro sperm activation of asthenospermic patients}} , author={{ SSAl-Dujaily } and { ASAl-Janabi } and { MNori }} , journal={{J Babylon University}} 11 , year={2006} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Effect of pentoxifylline on the outcome of artificial inseminations. Iraqi post graduate}} , author={{ SSAl-Dujaily } and { ARAl-Nakash } and { SAAl-Biaty }} , journal={{Med J}} 5 , year={2007} } @incollection{b7, , title={{Effect of L-carnitine on in vitro sperm activation of infertile men}} , author={{ SSAl-Dujaily } and { NAl-Shahiri } and { AAbbas }} , journal={{I J Embryo inter Res}} 2 3 , year={2012} } @incollection{b8, , title={{In vitro sperm activation for asthenospermic semen by using progesterone, pentoxifylline and Glycyrrhiza glabra extraction.Globel}} , author={{ SSAl-Dujaily } and { KMalik }} , journal={{J Med Res}} 3 1 , year={2013} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Nuture vs nature: how can we optimize sperm quality?}} , author={{ JGAlvarez }} , journal={{J.Androl}} 24 , year={2003} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Men's health}} , journal={{American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM)}} , year={2010} , publisher={UMMC) Press} Maryland University of Maryland Medical Center } @incollection{b11, , title={{Pharmacology of Pentoxifylline a heamorheologic agent for the treatment of intermittent claudication}} , author={{ DMAviad } and { HRDettelbache }} , journal={{Angiol}} 35 , year={1984} } @incollection{b12, , title={{Role of free l-carnitine and acetyl-l-carnitine in post-gonadal maturation of mammalian spermatozoa}} , author={{ JClaudette } and { MLLawrence }} , journal={{Human Reprod}} 2 2 , year={1996} } @incollection{b13, , title={{Clinical relevance of oxidative stress and sperm chromatin damage in male infertility: an evidence based analysis}} , author={{ MCocuzza } and { SCSikka } and { KSAthayde }} , journal={{Int.braz J.urol}} 33 5 , year={2007} } @incollection{b14, , title={{Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa. ll depletion of adenosine triphosphate plays an important role in the inhibition of sperm motility}} , author={{ EDe-Lamirande } and { CGagnon }} , journal={{J. Androl}} 13 , year={1992} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Influence of urogenital infection on sperm function}} , author={{ TDiemer } and { MLudwig } and { PHuwe } and { DBHales }} , journal={{Curr. Opin. Urol}} 10 , year={2000} } @incollection{b16, , title={{Guide line on male infertility}} , author={{ GRDohle } and { AJungwirth } and { GColpi } and { TDiemer }} , journal={{Eur Associat Urol}} 11 , year={2007} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Differential production of reactive oxygen species by subsets of human spermatozoa at different stages of maturation}} , author={{ EGil-Guzman } and { MOllero } and { MCLopez }} , journal={{Hum.Reprod}} 16 , year={2001} } @incollection{b18, , title={{Intracytoplasmic sperm injection versus high insemination concentration in vitro fertilization in cases of very severe teratozoospermia}} , author={{ JHall } and { SFishel } and { SGreen } and { SFleming } and { AHunter } and { NStoddert } and { KDowell } and { SThornton }} , journal={{Hum Reprod}} 10 , year={1995} } @incollection{b19, , title={{Sperm preparation for ART}} , author={{ RHenkel } and { WSchill }} , journal={{Reprod Biol And Endocr}} 1 , year={2003} } @incollection{b20, , title={{Thiol-disulfide status and acridine orange fluorescence of mammalian sperm nuclei}} , author={{ NSKosower } and { HKatayose } and { RJ NYanagimachi }} , journal={{J. 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Metabolism}} 51 11 , year={2002} } @incollection{b25, , title={{Formation of reaction oxygen species by spermatozoa from asthenospermic patients: response to treatment with pentoxifylline}} , author={{ HOkada } and { NTatsumi } and { MKanzaki }} , journal={{J Urology}} 157 , year={1997} } @incollection{b26, , title={{Measuring apoptosis in human spermatozoa a biological assay for semen quality}} , author={{ GJOosterhuis } and { ABMulder } and { EKalsbeek-Batenburg } and { CBLambalk } and { JSchoemaker } and { IVermes }} , journal={{Fertil.Steril}} 74 , year={2000} } @incollection{b27, , title={{Room temperature storage of mouse epididymal spermatozoa: exploration of factors affecting sperm survival}} , author={{ MSato } and { AIshikawa }} , journal={{Theriogenology}} 61 7-8 , year={2004} } @incollection{b28, , title={{Sperm DNA damage in male infertility: etiologies, assays, and outcomes}} , author={{ RTSchulte } and { DAOhl } and { MSigman } and { GDSmith }} , journal={{J. Assist. 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