@incollection{, 159E1EEC05A59455617C9CBA41EE2C4D , note={Year 2014} , author={{MwanzaMulunda} and {North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa}}, journal={{Global Journal of Medical Research}}, journal={{GJMR}}2249-46180975-588810.34257/GJMR, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}142119 } @incollection{b0, , title={{Synergistic effects of fumonisin B1 and ochratoxin A: are in vitro cytotoxicity data predictive of in vivo acute toxicity}} , author={{ EECreppy } and { PChiarappa } and { IBaudrimont } and { PBorracci } and { SMoukha } and { MRCarratu }} , journal={{Toxicol}} 201 , year={2004} } @incollection{b1, , title={{Mycotoxins and human health: Significance, prevention and control}} , author={{ PBNjobeh } and { MFDutton } and { AHMakun }} , booktitle={{Smart Biomolecules in Medicine. Research Signpost/Transworld Research Network}} , editor={ AKMishra ATiwari SBMishra HKobayashi } India , publisher={VBRI Press} , year={2010} } @incollection{b2, , title={{Toxicity, metabolism, and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals}} , author={{ SHHussein } and { MJBrasel }} , journal={{Toxicol}} 67 , year={2001} } @incollection{b3, , title={{HIV and hepatocellular and oesophageal carcinomas related to consumption of mycotoxin prone foods in sub-Saharan Africa}} , author={{ PWilliam } and { EJolly } and { ANii-Ayi } and { WOEllis } and { EAfriyie-Gyawu } and { NMJohnson } and { AGRobinson } and { TDPhillips }} , journal={{Am. J. Clin. Nutr}} 92 , year={2010} } @incollection{b4, , title={{Modification of immune function through exposure to dietary aflatoxin in Gambian children}} , author={{ PCTurner } and { SEMoore } and { AJHall } and { AMPrentice } and { CPWild }} , journal={{Environ. Health Perspect}} 111 , year={2003} } @incollection{b5, , title={{Post-weaning exposure to aflatoxin results in impaired child growth: a longitudinal study in Benin}} , author={{ YYGong } and { AHounsa } and { SEgal } and { PCTurner } and { AESutcliffe } and { AJHall } and { KCardwell } and { CPWild }} , journal={{Environ. Health Perspect}} 112 , year={2004} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: a review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences and interventions}} , author={{ JHWilliams } and { TDPhillips } and { PEJolly } and { JKStiles } and { CMJolly } and { DAggarwal }} , journal={{Am. J. Clin. Nutr}} 80 , year={2004} } @incollection{b7, , title={{Mycotoxin problem in Africa current status implications to food safety and health and possible management strategies}} , author={{ JMWagacha } and { JWMuthomi }} , journal={{Inter. J. Food Microbiol}} 124 , year={2008} } @incollection{b8, , title={{Mechanistic interactions of mycotoxins: theoretical consideration}} , author={{ RTRiley }} , booktitle={{Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food Safety}} , editor={ KKSinha DBhatnagar } Basel, New York , publisher={Marcel Dekker, Inc} , year={1998} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Elevated sphingoid bases and complex sphingolipid depletion as contributing factors in fumonisin-induced cytotoxicity}} , author={{ HSYoo } and { WPNorred } and { RileyR TShowker }} , booktitle={{Toxicol& Appl}} } @incollection{b10, , title={{}} , journal={{Pharmacol}} 138 , year={1996} } @incollection{b11, , author={{ AHMerrillJr } and { EMSchmelz } and { DLDillehay } and { SSpiegel } and { JAShayman } and { JJSchroeder } and { RTRiley } and { KAVoss } and { EWang } and { Sphingolipids }} , booktitle={{The enigmatic lipid class: Biochemistry}} , year={1997} 142 } @incollection{b12, , title={{Liquid chromatographic determination of the sphinganine/sphingosine ratio in serum}} , author={{ GSShephard } and { LVan Der Westhuizen }} , journal={{J. Chromat B}} 710 , year={1998} } @incollection{b13, , title={{Fusarium moniliforme contamination of maize in oesophageal cancer areas in Transkei}} , author={{ WF OMarasas } and { KJaskiewics } and { FSVenter } and { DJVanschalkwyk }} , journal={{S. A. Med. J}} 74 , year={1988} } @incollection{b14, , title={{Fumonisin toxicosis in domestic animals: a review}} , author={{ GJDiaz } and { HJBoermans }} , journal={{Vet. Human Toxicol}} 36 , year={1994} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Fumonisins as a possible contributory risk factor for primary liver cancer: A 3-year study of corn harvested in Haimen, China, by HPLC and ELISA}} , author={{ YUeno } and { KLijima } and { SDD-Wang } and { YSugiura } and { TSekijima } and { TTanaka } and { CChen } and { SZYu }} , journal={{Food Chem. Toxicol}} 35 , year={1997} } @book{b16, , title={{Atherogenic effects in a non-human primate of Fusarium moniliformecultures added to a carbohydrate diet}} , author={{ JEFincham } and { WF OMarasas } and { JJ FTaljaard } and { NP JKriek } and { CJBadenhorst } and { WC AGelderblom } and { JVSeier } and { CMSmuts } and { MFaber } and { MJWeight } and { WSlazus } and { CWWoodroof } and { MJVan Wyk } and { MKruger } and { PGThiel }} , year={Atherosclerosis1992} 94 } @incollection{b17, , title={{The African Fusarium/maize disease}} , author={{ MFDutton }} , journal={{Mycotox. Res}} 25 , year={2009} } @incollection{b18, , title={{Fumonisins disrupt sphingolipid metabolism, folate transport, and neural tube development in embryo culture and in vivo: A potential risk factor for human neural tube defects among populations consuming fumonisincontaminated maize}} , author={{ WF OMarasas } and { RTRiley } and { KHendricks } and { VLStevens } and { TWSadler } and { JGelineau-Van Waes } and { SMissmer } and { JCabrera } and { OTorres } and { WC AGelderblom } and { AAllegood } and { CMartinez } and { JMaddox } and { JDMiller } and { JStarr } and { MCSullards } and { VARoman } and { KAVoss } and { EWang } and { AHMerrillJr }} , journal={{J. Nutr}} 134 , year={2004} } @incollection{b19, , title={{Maternal fumonisin exposure and risk for neural tube defects: Mechanisms in an in vivo mouse model}} , author={{ JGelineau-Van Waes } and { LStarr } and { JMaddox } and { FAleman } and { KAVoss } and { JWilberding } and { RTRiley }} , journal={{Birth Defects Research A: Clin. Mol. Teratol}} 73 , year={2005} } @incollection{b20, , title={{Exposure to fumonisins and the occurrence of neural tube defects along the Texas-Mexico border}} , author={{ SAMissmer } and { LSuarez } and { MFelkner } and { EWang } and { AHMerrillJr } and { KRothman } and { KAHendricks }} , journal={{Environ. Health Perspect}} 114 , year={2006} } @incollection{b21, , title={{Complex etiology, prophylaxis and hygiene control in mycotoxic nephropathies in farm animals and humans}} , author={{ GDevegowda } and { MV LRadu } and { ANazar } and { HV L MSwamy }} , booktitle={{Proceedings of 31. Stoev, S.D}} 31. Stoev, S.D , year={2008b} 9 , note={Mycotoxin picture worldwide: Novel solutions for their counteraction} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Complex aetiology and pathology of mycotoxic nephropathy in South African pigs}} , author={{ SDStoev } and { SDenev } and { MFDutton } and { PBNjobeh } and { JSMosonik } and { PASteenkamp } and { IPetkov }} , journal={{Mycotox. Res}} 10 , year={2010} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Mycotoxic nephropathies in farm animals' diagnostics, risk assessment and preventive measures}} , author={{ SDStoev }} , journal={{Mycotox. Farm Anim. J}} , year={2008a} } @incollection{b24, , title={{Toxicological evaluation of moulds}} , author={{ JFink-Gremmels } and { LLeistner }} , journal={{Food Biotech}} 4 , year={1990} } @incollection{b25, , title={{Cytotoxic Effect of Some Mycotoxins and their Combinations on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Measured by the MTT Assay}} , author={{ SStoev } and { SDenev } and { MDutton } and { BNkosi }} , journal={{Toxinol. J}} 2 , year={2009} } @incollection{b26, , title={{The cytotoxic effects of fumonisin B1, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A on human and pig lymphocytes using Methyl thiazoltetrazolium (MTT) assay}} , author={{ MMwanza } and { LKametler } and { ABonais } and { VRajli } and { MKovacs } and { MFDutton }} , journal={{Mycotox. Res}} 25 , year={2009} } @incollection{b27, , title={{Deoxynivalenol-induced immunomodulation of human lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production}} , author={{ FAMeky } and { LJHardie } and { SWEvans } and { CPWild }} , journal={{Food Chem. Toxicol}} 39 , year={2001} } @incollection{b28, , title={{A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells}} , author={{ NPSingh } and { MTMccoy } and { RRTice } and { ELSchneider }} , journal={{Experiment. Cell Res}} 175 , year={1988} } @book{b29, , author={{ ARCollins } and { AAOscoz } and { GBrunborg } and { IGaivao } and { LGiovannelli } and { KKruszewski }} , title={{The comet assay: topical issues. Mutagenesis1997}} 23 } @incollection{b30, , author={{ AHartmann } and { EAgurell } and { CBeevers } and { SBrendler-Schwaab } and { BBurlinson } and { PClay }} , booktitle={{Recommendations for conducting the in vivo alkaline Comet assay}} , year={2003} 18 } @book{b31, , title={{Roitt's essential immunology}} , author={{ PDelves } and { MSeamus } and { DBurton } and { YRoitt }} , year={2006} , publisher={Wiley-Blackwell} 496 , note={11th Edition Place} } @incollection{b32, , title={{The effects of four mycotoxins on the mitogen stimulated proliferation of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro}} , author={{ KCharoenpornsook } and { JLFitzpatrick } and { JESmith }} , journal={{Mycopathologia}} 143 , year={1998} } @incollection{b33, , title={{Lymphocyte cytotoxicity and erythrocytic abnormalities induced in broiler chicks by fumonisins B1 and B2 and moniliformin from Fusarium proliferatum}} , author={{ MADombrink-Kurtzman } and { TJaved } and { GABennett } and { JLRichard } and { LMCote } and { WBBuck }} , journal={{Mycopathol}} 124 , year={1993} } @incollection{b34, , title={{Cytotoxicity assessment of gliotoxin and penicillic acid in Tetrahymenapyriformis}} , author={{ GGrabsch } and { GWichmann } and { HLoffhagen } and { OHerbarth } and { AMuller }} , journal={{Environ. Toxicol}} 2 , year={2006} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Increased cytotoxicity of food-borne mycotoxins toward human cell lines "in vitro" via enhanced cytochrome p450 expression using the MTT bioassay}} , author={{ CWLewis } and { JESmith } and { JGAnderson } and { RFreshney }} , journal={{Mycopathol}} 148 , year={1999} } @incollection{b36, , title={{Toxic responses to foreign compounds}} , author={{ JTimbrell }} , booktitle={{Principles of Biochemical Toxicology}} , publisher={Taylor and Francis} , year={2001} , note={3rd ed} } @incollection{b37, , title={{The omics era and its impact}} , author={{ FLKiechle } and { Zhang }} , journal={{Arch. Pathol. Lab Med}} 128 , year={2004} } @incollection{b38, , title={{Apoptosis: a programmed cell death involved in ovarian and uterine physiology}} , author={{ DVinatier } and { PDufour } and { DSubtil }} , journal={{European J. Obstetric Gynaecol Repro. Biol}} 67 , year={1996} } @incollection{b39, , title={{Standard and Fpg-modifed comet assay in kidney cells of 14 S.D. ochratoxin A-and fumonisin B1-treated rats}} , author={{ ADomijan } and { DZeljezic } and { NKopjar } and { MPeraica }} , journal={{Toxicol}} 222 , year={2006} } @incollection{b40, , title={{Maintenance of adenosine A1 receptor functions during long term anoxia in the turtle brain}} , author={{ PLLutz } and { LManuel }} , journal={{Am. J. Physiol}} 276 , year={1999} } @incollection{b41, , title={{?-Glucans in promoting health: Prevention against mutation and cancer}} , author={{ MSMantovani } and { MFBellini } and { JFAngeli } and { RJOliveira } and { AFSilva } and { LRRibeiro }} , journal={{Mutation Res}} 658 , year={2008} } @incollection{b42, , title={{Toxicity and apoptosis induced by the mycotoxins nivalenol, deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B1 in a human erythroleukemia cell line}} , author={{ FMinervini } and { FFornelli } and { KMFlynn }} , journal={{Toxicology in Vitro}} 18 , year={2004} } @book{b43, , title={{Immunobiological effects of AFB1 and AFB1-FB1 mixture in experimental subchronic mycotoxicoses in rats}} , author={{ MGTheumer }} , year={2003} 186 } @book{b44, , title={{Mode of action and human health aspects of aflatoxin Purchase}} , author={{ WHButler } and { GENeal }} , editor={I.F.H.} } @incollection{b45, , title={{Aflatoxin: an ecologically elicited activation signal}} , author={{ EBLillehoj }} , booktitle={{Mycotoxins and Animal Foods}} , editor={ JEAnderson RA } Boca Raton, FL , publisher={CRC Press} , year={1991} } @incollection{b46, , title={{The polymerase chain reaction and its application to filamentous fungi}} , author={{ LMFoster } and { KRKozack } and { MGLoftus } and { JSteven }} , journal={{Mycolecular Res}} 97 , year={1993} } @incollection{b47, , title={{Glutathione conjugation of aflatoxin B-1 exo-and endo-epoxides by rats and human glutathione-S-transferases}} , author={{ KDRaney } and { DJMeyer } and { BKetterer } and { TMHarris } and { FPGuengerish }} , journal={{Chem. Res. Toxicol}} 5 , year={1992} } @incollection{b48, , title={{Effects of ochratoxin A on rat liver mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation}} , author={{ YHWei } and { CYLu } and { Lin } and { RDWei }} , journal={{Toxicol}} 36 , year={1985} } @incollection{b49, , title={{The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions}} , author={{ CPWild } and { PCTurner }} , journal={{Mutagenesis}} 17 , year={2002} } @book{b50, , title={{Mycotoxins and human disease: a largely ignored global health issue. Carcinogen}} , author={{ CP60wild } and { YYGong }} , year={2010} 31 } @incollection{b51, , title={{Different apoptotic pathways induced by zearalenone, T-2 toxin and ochratoxin A in human hepatoma cells}} , author={{ CBouaziz } and { OSharaf El Deinb } and { EEl Golli } and { SAbid-Essefia } and { CBrennerb } and { CLemaireb } and { HBacha }} , journal={{Toxicol}} 254 , year={2008} } @incollection{b52, , title={{Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and their combination in cultured Vero cells}} , author={{ EGolli-Bennour } and { BKouidhi } and { ABouslimi } and { IAbidd-Essefi } and { WHassen } and { HBacha }} , journal={{J. Biochem. Mol.Toxicol}} 24 , year={2010} } @incollection{b53, , title={{Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of ochratoxin A, an update}} , author={{ DRingot } and { AChango } and { Y-JSchneider } and { YLarondelle }} , journal={{Chemico-Biol. Interact}} 159 , year={2006} } @book{b54, , title={{Carcinogenicity and mechanism of action of fumonisin B1: a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme (=F. verticillioides). Cancer Detection Prev}} , author={{ KAVoss } and { PCHoward } and { RTRiley } and { TJBucci } and { R JLorentzen }} , year={2002} 26 } @incollection{b55, , title={{Induction of apoptosis in cultured human proximal tubule cells by fumonisins and fumonisin metabolites}} , author={{ WSeefelder }} , journal={{Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol}} 192 , year={2003} } @book{b56, , title={{Mycotoxins: Risks in Plant, Animal, and Human Systems}} No. 139 , year={January 2003. 199pp} , address={Iowa, USA} CAST , note={Task Force Report} , note={Ames Council for Agricultural Science and Technology} } @incollection{b57, , title={{Inhibition of sphingolipids biosynthesis by fumonisin}} , author={{ EWang } and { WPNorred } and { CWBacon } and { PFRiley } and { AHMerrillJr }} , journal={{J. Biol. Chem}} 273 , year={1998} } @incollection{b58, , title={{Immunomodulation by fungal toxins}} , author={{ GSBondy } and { JJPestka }} , journal={{Environ. Health 3B}} , year={2000} } @incollection{b59, , title={{Fumonisin B1 modulates sphingomyelin cycle product levels and the expression of CD3 receptors in immunocompetent organs}} , author={{ Martynova }} , journal={{Biochem}} 60 , year={1995} } @book{b60, , title={{Biological properties of a human compact anti-ErbB2 antibody. Carcinogen}} , author={{ DeLorenzo } and { CCozzolino } and { RCarpentieri } and { APucci } and { PLaccetti } and { P; D'alessio } and { ;G }} , year={2005} 26 } @incollection{b61, , title={{Identification of in vitro Kinetic studies}} , author={{ GRJenkins } and { WHTplleson } and { DKNewkirk } and { DWRobert } and { KLRowland } and { TSeheki } and { KKoyabashi } and { PCHoward } and { WBMelchior }} , journal={{J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol}} 14 , year={2000} } @incollection{b62, , title={{Disruption of sphingolipid metabolism and stimulation of DNA synthesis by fumonisin B1. A molecular mechanism for carcinogenesis associated with Fusarium moniliforme}} , author={{ JJSchroeder } and { HMCrane } and { JXia } and { DCLiotta } and { AHMerrill }} , journal={{J. Biol. Chem}} 269 , year={1994} } @incollection{b63, , title={{Repression of protein kinase C and stimulation of cyclic AMP response elements by Fumonisins, a fungal encoded toxin which is carcinogen}} , author={{ CHuang } and { MDieckeman } and { GHenderson } and { CJones }} , journal={{Cancer Res}} 55 , year={1995} } @book{b64, , title={{A potential mechanism for fumonisin B1 mediated hepatocarcinogenesis: cyclin D1 stabilization associated with activation of AKT and inhibition of GSK-3beta activity}} , author={{ DRamljak } and { RJCalvert } and { PWWiensenfeld } and { BADiwan } and { BCatipovic } and { WFMarasas } and { TCVictor } and { LMAnderson } and { WCGelderblom }} , year={2000} 21 } @book{b65, , title={{Effects of mycotoxins on antioxidant status and immunity}} , author={{ PFSurai } and { JEDvorska }} , editor={InThe Mycotoxin Blue Book. D. Diaz} , year={2005} , publisher={Nottingham Univ. Press} , address={UK} } @incollection{b66, , title={{Major biological consequences of aflatoxicosis in animal production}} , author={{ ACPier }} , journal={{J. Anim. Sci}} 70 , year={1992} } @incollection{b67, , title={{Changes in performance, blood parameters, humoral and cellular immune responses in weanling piglets exposed to low doses of aflatoxin}} , author={{ DEMarin } and { ITaranu } and { RPBunaciu } and { FPascale } and { DSTudor } and { NAvram } and { MSarca } and { ICureu } and { RDCriste } and { VSuta } and { IPOswald }} , journal={{J. Anim. Sci}} 80 , year={2002} }