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\title{Modified Lingual Spurs with Begg Brackets and Lock Pins -A Clinical Pearl}
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\begin{document}

             \author[1]{Dr. Ali  Jabir}

             \author[2]{Dr. Nandish  Shetty}

             \author[3]{Dr. Akhter  Husain}

             \affil[1]{  Yenepoya University}

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\date{\small \em Received: 10 December 2013 Accepted: 31 December 2013 Published: 15 January 2014}

\maketitle


\begin{abstract}
        


Introduction: Tongue thrusts wallow is one of the major etiologic factor of the malocclusions like anterior open bite, proclination and spacing etc. Currently a number of appliances available to correct the tongue thrust habit which requires an elaborate laboratory procedures, long chair side time for its fixation and difficulty for normal functions of the oral cavity.Methods: As a new method of tongue thrust habit correction, patient's lingual surface of lower anterior teeth were bonded with begg brackets followed by insertion of lock pins to act as a remainder appliance.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{tongue thrust, modified lingual spurs.}

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\let\tabcellsep& 	 	 		 
\section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par
ongue thrust swallowing" is the placement of the tongue tip forward between the incisors during swallowing. Sustained pressure by the tongue against the teeth have significant effects in causing malocclusion, though the Pressure by tongue against the teeth during a typical swallow last for approximately only one second. Since a typical individual swallows about 800 times per day while awake and a few swallows per hour while asleep, the total instances per day therefore is usually around 1000 \hyperref[b0]{1} .\par
Various mechanical methods have been used like fixed or removable cribs 2, 3 , spurs \hyperref[b3]{4} and myofunctional appliances 5 etc. to treat this habit.\par
We have devised a new method of fabrication of modified lingual spurs with begg brackets and lock pins as a remainder method to treat tongue thrust habit. III. 
\section[{Discussion}]{Discussion}\par
To correct tongue thrust habit we used begg brackets and lock pins to fabricate "spurs", which are inexpensive, easy to apply and do not need any technician's assistance and procedure is not technique sensitive. Since the attachment is fixed on the lingual surface of anteriors, the possibility of mesial movement of the anchor molars by the thrusting force of tongue as seen in the other appliances is eliminated and the maintenance of oral hygiene is easy.   \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png}
\caption{\label{fig_0}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-3.png}
\caption{\label{fig_1}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{2}\includegraphics[]{image-4.png}
\caption{\label{fig_2}Figure 2 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{3}\includegraphics[]{image-5.png}
\caption{\label{fig_3}Figure 3 :}\end{figure}
 		 		\backmatter  			  				\begin{bibitemlist}{1}
\bibitem[Torres et al. ()]{b2}\label{b2} 	 		‘Anterior open bite treated with a palatal crib and high-pull chin cup therapy. A prospective randomized study’.  		 			Fernando Torres 		,  		 			Renato R Almeida 		,  		 			Marcio Rodringues De Almeida 		,  		 			Renata R Almeida-Pedrin 		,  		 			Fernando Pedrin 		,  		 			Jose F Henriques 		.  	 	 		\textit{European Journal of Orthodontics}  		2006. 28 p. .  	 
\bibitem[Justus et al. ()]{b3}\label{b3} 	 		‘Correction of anterior open bite with spurs: long term stability’.  		 			Roberto Justus 		,  		 			Dds 		,  		 			Msd Fis 		.  	 	 		\textit{World J Orthod}  		2001. 2 p. .  	 
\bibitem[Graber et al. ()]{b4}\label{b4} 	 		\textit{Dentofacial orthopedics with functional appliances},  		 			Thomas M Graber 		,  		 			Thomas Rakosi 		,  		 			Alexander G Petrovic 		.  		1997. p. .  	 	 (2nd edition) 
\bibitem[Proffit ()]{b0}\label{b0} 	 		 			W R Proffit 		.  		\textit{Contemporary orthodontics},  				2010. p. .  	 	 (4 th edition) 
\bibitem[Sinem Taslan et al. ()]{b1}\label{b1} 	 		‘Tongue pressure changes before, during and after crib appliance therapy’.  		 			Sibel Sinem Taslan 		,  		 			Cenk Biren 		,  		 			Ceylanoglu 		.  	 	 		\textit{Angle orthodontist}  		2010. 80 p. .  	 
\end{bibitemlist}
 			 		 	 
\end{document}
