\documentclass[11pt,twoside]{article}\makeatletter \IfFileExists{xcolor.sty}% {\RequirePackage{xcolor}}% {\RequirePackage{color}} \usepackage{colortbl} \usepackage{wrapfig} \usepackage{ifxetex} \ifxetex \usepackage{fontspec} \usepackage{xunicode} \catcode`⃥=\active \def⃥{\textbackslash} \catcode`❴=\active \def❴{\{} \catcode`❵=\active \def❵{\}} \def\textJapanese{\fontspec{Noto Sans CJK JP}} \def\textChinese{\fontspec{Noto Sans CJK SC}} \def\textKorean{\fontspec{Noto Sans CJK KR}} \setmonofont{DejaVu Sans Mono} \else \IfFileExists{utf8x.def}% {\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} \PrerenderUnicode{–} }% {\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}} \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{float} \usepackage[]{ucs} \uc@dclc{8421}{default}{\textbackslash } \uc@dclc{10100}{default}{\{} \uc@dclc{10101}{default}{\}} \uc@dclc{8491}{default}{\AA{}} \uc@dclc{8239}{default}{\,} \uc@dclc{20154}{default}{ } \uc@dclc{10148}{default}{>} \def\textschwa{\rotatebox{-90}{e}} \def\textJapanese{} \def\textChinese{} \IfFileExists{tipa.sty}{\usepackage{tipa}}{} \fi \def\exampleFont{\ttfamily\small} \DeclareTextSymbol{\textpi}{OML}{25} \usepackage{relsize} \RequirePackage{array} \def\@testpach{\@chclass \ifnum \@lastchclass=6 \@ne \@chnum \@ne \else \ifnum \@lastchclass=7 5 \else \ifnum \@lastchclass=8 \tw@ \else \ifnum \@lastchclass=9 \thr@@ \else \z@ \ifnum \@lastchclass = 10 \else \edef\@nextchar{\expandafter\string\@nextchar}% \@chnum \if \@nextchar c\z@ \else \if \@nextchar l\@ne \else \if \@nextchar r\tw@ \else \z@ \@chclass \if\@nextchar |\@ne \else \if \@nextchar !6 \else \if \@nextchar @7 \else \if \@nextchar (8 \else \if \@nextchar )9 \else 10 \@chnum \if \@nextchar m\thr@@\else \if \@nextchar p4 \else \if \@nextchar b5 \else \z@ \@chclass \z@ \@preamerr \z@ \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi \fi} \gdef\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} \def\@textsubscript#1{{\m@th\ensuremath{_{\mbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@#1}}}}} \def\Panel#1#2#3#4{\multicolumn{#3}{){\columncolor{#2}}#4}{#1}} \def\abbr{} \def\corr{} \def\expan{} \def\gap{} \def\orig{} \def\reg{} \def\ref{} \def\sic{} \def\persName{}\def\name{} \def\placeName{} \def\orgName{} \def\textcal#1{{\fontspec{Lucida Calligraphy}#1}} \def\textgothic#1{{\fontspec{Lucida Blackletter}#1}} \def\textlarge#1{{\large #1}} \def\textoverbar#1{\ensuremath{\overline{#1}}} \def\textquoted#1{‘#1’} \def\textsmall#1{{\small #1}} \def\textsubscript#1{\@textsubscript{\selectfont#1}} \def\textxi{\ensuremath{\xi}} \def\titlem{\itshape} \newenvironment{biblfree}{}{\ifvmode\par\fi } \newenvironment{bibl}{}{} \newenvironment{byline}{\vskip6pt\itshape\fontsize{16pt}{18pt}\selectfont}{\par } \newenvironment{citbibl}{}{\ifvmode\par\fi } \newenvironment{docAuthor}{\ifvmode\vskip4pt\fontsize{16pt}{18pt}\selectfont\fi\itshape}{\ifvmode\par\fi } \newenvironment{docDate}{}{\ifvmode\par\fi } \newenvironment{docImprint}{\vskip 6pt}{\ifvmode\par\fi } \newenvironment{docTitle}{\vskip6pt\bfseries\fontsize{22pt}{25pt}\selectfont}{\par } \newenvironment{msHead}{\vskip 6pt}{\par} \newenvironment{msItem}{\vskip 6pt}{\par} \newenvironment{rubric}{}{} \newenvironment{titlePart}{}{\par } \newcolumntype{L}[1]{){\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} \newcolumntype{C}[1]{){\centering\arraybackslash}p{#1}} \newcolumntype{R}[1]{){\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{#1}} \newcolumntype{P}[1]{){\arraybackslash}p{#1}} \newcolumntype{B}[1]{){\arraybackslash}b{#1}} \newcolumntype{M}[1]{){\arraybackslash}m{#1}} \definecolor{label}{gray}{0.75} \def\unusedattribute#1{\sout{\textcolor{label}{#1}}} \DeclareRobustCommand*{\xref}{\hyper@normalise\xref@} \def\xref@#1#2{\hyper@linkurl{#2}{#1}} \begingroup \catcode`\_=\active \gdef_#1{\ensuremath{\sb{\mathrm{#1}}}} \endgroup \mathcode`\_=\string"8000 \catcode`\_=12\relax \usepackage[a4paper,twoside,lmargin=1in,rmargin=1in,tmargin=1in,bmargin=1in,marginparwidth=0.75in]{geometry} \usepackage{framed} \definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{0.95} \usepackage{longtable} \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} \usepackage{fancyvrb} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{marginnote} \renewcommand{\@cite}[1]{#1} \renewcommand*{\marginfont}{\itshape\footnotesize} \def\Gin@extensions{.pdf,.png,.jpg,.mps,.tif} \pagestyle{fancy} \usepackage[pdftitle={Thrombocytopenia as a Clue of Vivax Malaria in Endemic Region, Sudan}, pdfauthor={}]{hyperref} \hyperbaseurl{} \paperwidth210mm \paperheight297mm \def\@pnumwidth{1.55em} \def\@tocrmarg {2.55em} \def\@dotsep{4.5} \setcounter{tocdepth}{3} \clubpenalty=8000 \emergencystretch 3em \hbadness=4000 \hyphenpenalty=400 \pretolerance=750 \tolerance=2000 \vbadness=4000 \widowpenalty=10000 \renewcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}% {-1.75ex \@plus -0.5ex \@minus -.2ex}% {0.5ex \@plus .2ex}% {\reset@font\Large\bfseries}} \renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}% {-1.75ex\@plus -0.5ex \@minus- .2ex}% {0.5ex \@plus .2ex}% {\reset@font\Large}} \renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}% {-1.5ex\@plus -0.35ex \@minus -.2ex}% {0.5ex \@plus .2ex}% {\reset@font\large}} \renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}% {-1ex \@plus-0.35ex \@minus -0.2ex}% {0.5ex \@plus .2ex}% {\reset@font\normalsize}} \renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}% {1.5ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}% {-1em}% {\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries}} \def\l@section#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty} \addvspace{1.0em plus 1pt} \@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth \bfseries \leavevmode #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par \endgroup} \def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}} \def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}} \def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}} \def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}} \@ifundefined{c@section}{\newcounter{section}}{} \@ifundefined{c@chapter}{\newcounter{chapter}}{} \newif\if@mainmatter \@mainmattertrue \def\chaptername{Chapter} \def\frontmatter{% \pagenumbering{roman} \def\thechapter{\@roman\c@chapter} \def\theHchapter{\roman{chapter}} \def\thesection{\@roman\c@section} \def\theHsection{\roman{section}} \def\@chapapp{}% } \def\mainmatter{% \cleardoublepage \def\thechapter{\@arabic\c@chapter} \setcounter{chapter}{0} \setcounter{section}{0} \pagenumbering{arabic} \setcounter{secnumdepth}{6} \def\@chapapp{\chaptername}% \def\theHchapter{\arabic{chapter}} \def\thesection{\@arabic\c@section} \def\theHsection{\arabic{section}} } \def\backmatter{% \cleardoublepage \setcounter{chapter}{0} \setcounter{section}{0} \setcounter{secnumdepth}{2} \def\@chapapp{\appendixname}% \def\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter} \def\theHchapter{\Alph{chapter}} \appendix } \newenvironment{bibitemlist}[1]{% \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}% {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}% \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep \@openbib@code \usecounter{enumiv}% \let\p@enumiv\@empty \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}% }% \sloppy \clubpenalty4000 \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty \widowpenalty4000% \sfcode`\.\@m}% {\def\@noitemerr {\@latex@warning{Empty `bibitemlist' environment}}% \endlist} \def\tableofcontents{\section*{\contentsname}\@starttoc{toc}} \parskip0pt \parindent1em \def\Panel#1#2#3#4{\multicolumn{#3}{){\columncolor{#2}}#4}{#1}} \newenvironment{reflist}{% \begin{raggedright}\begin{list}{} {% \setlength{\topsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\rightmargin}{0.25in}% \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\itemindent}{0pt}% \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}% \setlength{\parsep}{2pt}% \def\makelabel##1{\itshape ##1}}% } {\end{list}\end{raggedright}} \newenvironment{sansreflist}{% \begin{raggedright}\begin{list}{} {% \setlength{\topsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\rightmargin}{0.25in}% \setlength{\itemindent}{0pt}% \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}% \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% \setlength{\parsep}{2pt}% \def\makelabel##1{\upshape ##1}}% } {\end{list}\end{raggedright}} \newenvironment{specHead}[2]% {\vspace{20pt}\hrule\vspace{10pt}% \phantomsection\label{#1}\markright{#2}% \pdfbookmark[2]{#2}{#1}% \hspace{-0.75in}{\bfseries\fontsize{16pt}{18pt}\selectfont#2}% }{} \def\TheFullDate{2014-01-15 (revised: 15 January 2014)} \def\TheID{\makeatother } \def\TheDate{2014-01-15} \title{Thrombocytopenia as a Clue of Vivax Malaria in Endemic Region, Sudan} \author{}\makeatletter \makeatletter \newcommand*{\cleartoleftpage}{% \clearpage \if@twoside \ifodd\c@page \hbox{}\newpage \if@twocolumn \hbox{}\newpage \fi \fi \fi } \makeatother \makeatletter \thispagestyle{empty} \markright{\@title}\markboth{\@title}{\@author} \renewcommand\small{\@setfontsize\small{9pt}{11pt}\abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ plus3\p@ minus4\p@ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 2\p@ plus1\p@ minus1\p@ \parsep 2\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@ \itemsep 1pt} } \makeatother \fvset{frame=single,numberblanklines=false,xleftmargin=5mm,xrightmargin=5mm} \fancyhf{} \setlength{\headheight}{14pt} \fancyhead[LE]{\bfseries\leftmark} \fancyhead[RO]{\bfseries\rightmark} \fancyfoot[RO]{} \fancyfoot[CO]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[LO]{\TheID} \fancyfoot[LE]{} \fancyfoot[CE]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[RE]{\TheID} \hypersetup{citebordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,linkbordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,urlbordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,bookmarksnumbered=true} \fancypagestyle{plain}{\fancyhead{}\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}} \date{} \usepackage{authblk} \providecommand{\keywords}[1] { \footnotesize \textbf{\textit{Index terms---}} #1 } \usepackage{graphicx,xcolor} \definecolor{GJBlue}{HTML}{273B81} \definecolor{GJLightBlue}{HTML}{0A9DD9} \definecolor{GJMediumGrey}{HTML}{6D6E70} \definecolor{GJLightGrey}{HTML}{929497} \renewenvironment{abstract}{% \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\raggedright \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt \textcolor{GJBlue}{\large\bfseries\abstractname\space} }{% \vskip8pt \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt } \usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos} \makeatother \usepackage{lineno} \linenumbers \begin{document} \author[1]{Bakri Y. M. Nour} \affil[1]{ University of Gezira} \renewcommand\Authands{ and } \date{\small \em Received: 14 December 2013 Accepted: 5 January 2014 Published: 15 January 2014} \maketitle \begin{abstract} Reduction in circulating platelets is observed relatively frequently in cases of malaria due to P. vivax. 61 patients with confirmed vivax malaria were enrolled in this study and the platelets were counted by hematological analyzer. our study revealed that 77.1% had platelets count less than 150,000/ ?l , thrombocytopenia grade 1 represent 43%, grade 2 represent 19.8%, grade 3 represent 9.8% and grade 4 represent 4.9%. Thrombocytopenia should be a consideration as a clue to the presence of malaria in endemic region. \end{abstract} \keywords{vivax malaria; thrombocytopenia; sudan.} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1cm,1cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\LARGE Global Journals \LaTeX\ JournalKaleidoscope\texttrademark} \end{textblock*} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1.4cm,1.5cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\footnotesize \\ Artificial Intelligence formulated this projection for compatibility purposes from the original article published at Global Journals. However, this technology is currently in beta. \emph{Therefore, kindly ignore odd layouts, missed formulae, text, tables, or figures.}} \end{textblock*} \let\tabcellsep& \section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par Thrombocytopenia is reported especially in severe P. falciparum malaria and few repots in isolated P. vivax infection [Pal Singh {\ref Makkar 2002]}.\par Thrombocytopenia is less studied in vivax malaria causes neg¬ligible of hidden mortality. The pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia in malaria is unclear, although increased platelet destruction rather than decreased production appears to be responsible {\ref [Piguet P. F. et al 2002]}. In general, the underlying mechanisms of thrombocytopaenia in malaria are peripheral destruction, excessive sequestration of platelets in spleen, and excessive use of platelets associated with the disseminated intravascular coagulation phenomenon [Gupta NK et al, 2013]. In addition to the reduction in the number of platelets, platelet function is also compromised in malaria \hyperref[b7]{[Greisenegger S, et al 2004]}. In most laboratories, a normal platelet count is between 150,000 to 450, 000/µl. By definition, 5\% of the population will have counts outside the "normal" range. No generally accepted definition of mild, moderate or severe thrombocytopenia exists. For cancer patients receiving treatment, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has developed the Common Toxicity Criteria to describe severity of thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts of 75,000 to 150,000/ µl are defined as grade 1 thrombocytopenia, 50,000 to <75,000/ µl as grade 2, 25,000 to <50,000/ µl as grade 3, and below 25,000/ µl as grade 4 thrombocytopenia. (CTCAE v3.0; www.ctep.cancer.gov/reporting/ctc.html), here we use this criteria for the classification of thrombocytopenia in vivax malaria patients. \section[{Patints and Methods}]{Patints and Methods}\par It was a cross sectional observational, hospital based study conducted at Wad Medani Paediatric teaching hospital and Wad Medani teaching hospital in central Sudan, All patients with vivax malaria presenting to the two hospitals during august 2013 to December 2013 were included in the study after written consent. The thick and thin blood smears were prepared and stained with Giemsa according to the WHO guidelines and studied by a medical parasitologist. and the platelets counts were done by an auto analyzer machine (Hematological analyser SysMix-KXN21, Roche, German) and rechecked by peripheral blood smear. Platelet counts of 75,000 to 150,000/dL are defined as grade 1 thrombocytopenia, 50,000 to <75,000/dL as grade 2, 25,000 to <50,000/dL as grade 3, and below \section[{Result}]{Result}\par Sixty one Thin \& Thick blood film from febrile cases showed positive P. vivax mono-infection by light microscope and the parasitaemia ranged from 1,070 to 42,800 parasites /µl of blood, most of the cases have different asexual stages from young trophozoite to schizont. The mean of platelets count were 112,016 /µl. \section[{IV.}]{IV.} \section[{Discussion}]{Discussion} \section[{Conclusion}]{Conclusion}\par Thrombocytopenia should be a consideration as a clue to the presence of malaria in endemic region and after excluding this easily treatable cause, further evaluation of thrombocytopenia should be undertaken.\begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png} \caption{\label{fig_0}}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{1} \par \begin{longtable}{P{0.8157090464547677\textwidth}P{0.034290953545232275\textwidth}} P\tabcellsep \\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{). P. vivax represent 6.1\% of malaria cases}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{in Central and Eastern Sudan (Albadawi A. Talha 2014).}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{mortality in Sudan. Reported malaria cases account for}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{9.3\% of outpatients´ clinic visits and approximately 8.7\%}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{of hospital admissions. The malaria mortality is about}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{2.6\% and fatality rate about 0.64\% (FMOH 2014).}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{Malaria is commonly associated with various degrees of}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{hematological complications like anemia and}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{thrombocytopenia. The anemia is usually due to varied}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{reasons ranging from haemolysis to other complications}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{like parasitic infections, folate, iron, and vitamin B12}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{deficiencies in endemic areas, antimalarials and further}\\ complicated\tabcellsep by the coexistence of thalassemia\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{andother haemoglobinopathies [K. Ghosh and K.}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{Ghosh 2007, S. N. Wickramasinghe et al 2000].}\end{longtable} \par {\small\itshape [Note: 5. Abdalla SI, Malik EM and Ali KM. The burden of malaria in Sudan: incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life years. Malar J 2007, 6:97.]} \caption{\label{tab_0}Table 1 :}\end{figure} \footnote{© 2014 Global Journals Inc. (US)} \backmatter \begin{bibitemlist}{1} \bibitem[George and Alexander ()]{b14}\label{b14} ‘A study on the clinical profile of complicated Plasmodium vivax mono-infections’. P George , L M Alexander . \textit{Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine} 2010. 3 (7) p. . \bibitem[Pukrittayakamee et al. ()]{b18}\label{b18} ‘Activation of the coagulation cascade in falciparum malaria’. S Pukrittayakamee , N J White , R Clemens . \textit{Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg} 1989. 83 p. . \bibitem[Akhtar et al. ()]{b8}\label{b8} ‘Association of malaria with thrombocytopenia’. M N Akhtar , S Jamil , S I Amjad , A R Butt , Farooq . \textit{Annals of King Edward Medical College} 2005. 11 p. . \bibitem[Wickramasinghe and Abdalla ()]{b3}\label{b3} \textit{Bailliere's Best Practice and Research in Clinical Haematology}, S N Wickramasinghe , S H Abdalla . 2000. 13 p. . (Blood and bone marrow changes in malaria) \bibitem[Daily and Waldron ()]{b10}\label{b10} ‘Case 22 -2003: a 22 -yearold man with chills and fever after a stay in South America’. J P Daily , M A Waldron . \textit{N Engl J Med} 2003. 349 p. . \bibitem[Oh et al. ()]{b11}\label{b11} ‘Clinical features of vivax malaria’. M-D Oh , H Shin , D Shin . \textit{Am J Trop Med Hyg} 2001. 65 p. . \bibitem[Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH). National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) --The National Protocol for Treatment of Malaria -Federal Ministry of Health (2013)]{b1}\label{b1} \textit{Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH). National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) --The National Protocol for Treatment of Malaria -Federal Ministry of Health}, June 2013. Khartoum-Sudan. \bibitem[Gonz´alez et al. ()]{b16}\label{b16} ‘Hematologic variations in patient with malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax before, during and after treatment’. B Gonz´alez , H Rodulfo , M De Donato , M Berrizbeitia , C , L Gonz´alez . \textit{Investigacion Clinica} 2009. 50 (2) p. . \bibitem[Khan et al. ()]{b15}\label{b15} ‘Imported malaria in Qatar: a one year hospitalbased study in 2005’. F Khan , A K Lutof , M A Yassin . \textit{Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease} 2009. 7 (2) p. . \bibitem[Greisenegger et al. ()]{b7}\label{b7} \textit{Is elevated mean platelet volume associated with a worse outcome in patients with acute ischemic cerebro vascular events? Stroke}, S Greisenegger , G Endler , K Hsieh , S Tentschert , C Mannhalter , W Lalouschek . 2004. 35 p. . \bibitem[Kochar et al. ()]{b12}\label{b12} D K Kochar , A Das , A Kochar . \textit{Thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infection malaria: a study from Bikaner (Northwestern India)}, 2010. 21 p. . \bibitem[Horstmann et al. ()]{b17}\label{b17} ‘Malaria induced thrombocytopenia’. R D Horstmann , M Dietrich , U Bienzle , H Rasche . \textit{Blood} 1991. 42 p. . \bibitem[Pal Singh Makkar Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Presenting With Severe Thrombocytopenia The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases ()]{b4}\label{b4} ‘Pal Singh Makkar Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Presenting With Severe Thrombocytopenia’. \textit{The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases} 2002. 6 (5) p. . \bibitem[Ghosh and Ghosh ()]{b2}\label{b2} ‘Pathogenesis of anemia in malaria: a concise review’. K Ghosh , K Ghosh . v3.0. \textit{Parasitology Research} 2007. 101 (6) p. . \bibitem[Talha ()]{b0}\label{b0} \textit{Plasmodium vivax: Diagnosis, genotypes and antifolate resistance molecular markers}, Albadawi Abdelbagi Talha . 2014. University of Gezira, Wad Medan-Sudan (PhD Thesis) \bibitem[Kakar et al. ()]{b19}\label{b19} ‘Profound thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium vivax malaria’. A Kakar , S Bhoi , V Prakash , S Kakar . \textit{Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis} 1999. 35 p. . \bibitem[Srivastava et al. ()]{b13}\label{b13} ‘Retrospective analysis of vivax malaria patients presenting to tertiary referral centre of Uttarakhand’. S Srivastava , S Ahmad , N Shirazi , S Kumar Verma , P Puri . \textit{Acta Tropica} 2011. 117 (2) p. . \bibitem[Silva]{b20}\label{b20} S B R Silva . \textit{Avaliac¸?ao da frequ?encia e dos fatores associados `a plaquetopenia causada pelo}, \bibitem[Gupta et al. ()]{b6}\label{b6} ‘Study of thrombocytopenia in patients of malaria’. N K Gupta , S B Bansal , U C Jain , K Sahare . \xref{http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229-5070.113914}{10.4103/2229-5070.113914}. \textit{Trop Parasitol} 2013. 3 p. . \bibitem[Rehman et al. ()]{b9}\label{b9} ‘Thrombocytopenia in acute malarial infection’. Z U Rehman , M Alam , A Mahmood , A Mubarik , A Sattar , K A Karamat . \textit{Pakistan Journal of Pathology} 1999. 10 p. . \bibitem[Piguet et al. ()]{b5}\label{b5} ‘Thrombocytopenia in an animal model of malaria is associated with an increased cuspate-mediated death of thrombocytes’. P F Piguet , C D Kan , C Vesin . \textit{Apoptosis} 2002. 7 p. . \end{bibitemlist} \end{document}