# I. Introduction am is semi-solid mass, which attained from the cooking fruit pulp and sugar followed by acid, pectin, flavors and coloring substances. Jams contain about 68.5% total soluble substances and 45% at least fruit pulp, while the (7) revealed that jam should contain more than 65% total soluble solids in finished product (5). Jam, jellies and marmalade is one simple fruit product prepared from fruit individually or combination of different fruit (15).Olive (OleaeuropaeaL.) is a small tree fruit mostly grown in temperate zones. Olive is an egg shaped fruit, with sizes varying from 2 to 3 cm and flesh to stone ratio of 3 to 6.5. Olive is famous for its nutritious edible oil with a lot of health benefits. Other constituents are water, sugar, protein, oleouropein and anthocyanins. Oleouropein cause bitterness must be removed (10). Composition of olive fruit, moisture 65 to 75%, lipids 10-15%, reducing sugar 3-6%, non reducing sugar < 0.3%, fiber 1-4% and protein 1-2 % (9).Olive fruit also contain1-3% phenolic compounds, 1.5% inorganic matters and 5.8% cellulose organic acid, pectin and pigments in small amount (6).Jam Apple (MalusSylvestris) is a member of rosaceae family and sub family pomoidae. Apple is the chief tree fruit of the globe. It was originated from the south western Asia. Nutrition facts include 84.7% water, 13.9 gcarbohydrates, 0.3g lipids, 0.4g protein and vit.C 8mg per 100 from of edible fruit. Apples are rich source of antioxidants including flavonoids and polyphenols mainly occurs in its skin. Thus eating whole apple is recommended to obtained full health benefits (11). Nonetheless, the future of olives production and processing might be very much bright in our country in general and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in particular because this fruit fetches maximum economic returns for the farmer. To promote the olive fruit production and processing, this research work was designed to prepare a value added product from olive fruit i.ejam, which will be available throughout the year in a market. The farmers will be benefitted while getting proper return for their produce. # II. Materials and Methods Good quality, fresh, mature and healthy olive & apple fruits was selected for the research work and was brought from the Sungbatti Olive Research Farm Swabi and apple was purchased from the local market. The selected fruit were washed with water in order to remove dust, and any other foreign material. Olive has a bitter taste, which is due to a natural glucoside called oleuropein Olive fruit were first dipped in 2% Sodium Hydroxide (Lye solution) for 36 hours in order to remove the bitterness. The removal of oleuropein is tested with 1% phenolphthalein indicator which gives red color. The lye is leached out from the olive fruit by washing in running water for 24 hours, The removal of lye is again test with 1% phenolphthalein giving no color indicating that lye is completely removed from the olive fruit. (13) After removal of bitterness from the olive fruit the pulp was obtained through pulper machine. Similarly apple fruit was washed, peeled, trimmed, cut and dipped in 1% citric acid solution to prevent oxidation. Then the fruit was blended in order to get the pulp. Treatments with different combination of olive and apple pulp were made. All the treatments were replicated three times. # J Volume XV Issue 1 Version I # c) Physiochemical analysis Physiochemically all of the samples were analyzed for pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar by (1). # d) Organoleptic Evaluation The apple olive blended jam samples were sensory evaluated for color, texture, flavor and overall acceptability by 10 trained judge's panel. Organoleptic study was carried out at each 15 days interval for 3 month storage. The evaluation was conceded out by using 9 points hedonic scale of (14). The results are of scoring rate 1-9 awarded by judges of panel # e) Statistical Analysis All the data concerning treatments and storage interval were statistically analyzed using factorial experiment in completely randomized design and the means were separated by applying least significant difference (LSD) Test at 5% possibility level as defined by (16). A statistical softwere STATISTIX 8.1 were used for the analysis of the data III. Result and Discussion a) Chemical Analysis i. pH pH of all the samples of apple olive blended jam were reduced during the total period of storage. The mean values of all the treatments showed considerable decreased from AO o to AO 5 3.53, 3.56, 3.48, 3.55, 3.48 and 3.55 respectively. The least mean value was noted for AO2 and AO4 (3.48) followed by AOo (3.53) and highest mean value was noted for AO1 (3.56) followed by AO3 (3.55) as shown (Table 1).Statistical analysis shows that treatment and storage has considerable effect (P< 0.05) on all the samples. The largest percent decline was examined in AO0 (5.33%) followed by AO1 (4.93%), while smallest decline was examined in AO5 (3.59%) followed by AO 2 (4.49%) (Table 1).Decreasing trend in pH might be due the hydrolysis of pectic bodies and formation of acidic compound during degradation of sugar contents. The gradual decrease in mean value of the pH may partly due to their varying composition, observed in mixed fruit jam prepared form water melon flesh part and lemon (8) who reported decrease in trend in pH of all treatments of mixed jam prepared from watermelon and during storagethe change in pH might be due to the change and formation acidic compound during storage of the jam Acidity of all the samples of apple olive blended jam was greater than that observed before storage. The mean values of all the treatments significantly decreased from AOo to AO5 0.68, 0.70, 0.69, 0.71, 0.72 and 0.73successively. The least amount mean value was noted for AOo (0.68) followed by AO2 (0.69) and highest mean value was noted for AO5 (0.73) followed by AO4 (0.72). Maximum increased was obtained in AOo (20.00) followed by AO1 (20.51) least amount increased was observed in AO5 (15.19) followed by AO4 (15.38). Results are shown in table 2. The increased in acidity of the apple olive blended jam might be due to the break down of pectic bodies to pectenic acid. The reason for increasing trend of acidity was due to the formation different organic acid during carbohydrates degradation and hydrolysis at storageThese results are in agreement with (4) who reported increasing trend in acidity of all treatments observed 0.65 to 0.70% after in 60 days storage interval of apricot jam (Table 2). Increase in acidity was due to the formation of acids by degradation of polysaccharides and oxidation of reducing sugar or by break down pectic substance and uronic acid reported by (12). iii. Reducing sugar Mean of Reducing sugar significantly difference from AO0 to AO5 27.08, 23.44, 24.10, 23.30, 23.20 and 22.80 respectively. The minimum mean value was noted for AO5 (22.80) followed by AO4 (23.20) and maximum mean value was noted for AO0 (27.08) followed by AO2 (24.10). Maximum increased was observed in AO0 (48.72 %) followed by AO1 (46.35%) minimum increased was observed in AO5 (42.59%) followed by AO4 (44.39%).The reason for increasing the reducing sugar might be due to the presence of invertase enzymes but invertase enzymes works properly at 4.6 pH and 50 0 C temperature And since the temperature was ambient in this condition, thus making it inadequate for activity of invertase enzyme. The increase in reducing sugar might be due to the inversion of non reducing sugar to during storage. The inversion of non reducing sugar was due to the presence of acid along with high temperature speed up the inversion process. Results are presented in table 3. These results are in agreement with (2) reported increased trend in reducing sugars of strawberry jam during 90 days storage. Similarly, increase in reducing sugar of apricot jam during storage was also observed by (4) Maximum increased was observed in AO 1 (1.82%) followed by AO4 (1.58%) minimum increased was observed in AO3 (1.41%) followed by AO5 (1.43%). The increasing in total soluble solid of the apple olive jam might be due to the degradation of polysaccharides in the presence of acid.Results are presented in table 5.Increased in TSS of watermelon lemon jam from 68.62 up to 68.90 and during 60 days of storage in grapes fruit marmalade from 70 to 70.8 0 brix by ( 8) The mean values of all the treatments showed significant difference from AO0 to AO5 9.77, 7.64, 7.87, 8.00, 7.93 and 8.23 respectively. The minimum mean value was noted for AO1 (7.64) followed by AO2 (7.87) and maximum mean value was noted for AO0 (9.77) followed by AO5 (8.23). Maximum decreased was observed in AO0 (27.38%) followed by AO1 (21.84%) minimum increased was observed in AO5 (15.73%) followed by AO3 (16.09%). Changes in color might be attributed to Millard reaction, enzymatic browning ascorbic acid degradation and polymerization of color pigments (carotenoids and anthocyanin's) with other phenolic compound. Results are presented in table 6. The effect of low storage temperature and freezing techniques on ascorbic acid content and additional qualitative characteristics of Iranian strawberries and affirmed that the storage temperature of 18 and 24 0c were mostly excellent for preserving the qualitative individually ( flavor, texture color and entirety) of the strawberries (3). ii. Taste Taste of all the apple olive blended jam samples was decreased during 90 days storage interval. The mean values of all the treatments showed significant difference from AO0 to AO5 10.54, 7.77, 8.21, 8.29, 8.29 and 8.37 respectively. The minimum mean value was noted for AO1 (7.77) followed by AO2 (8.21) and maximum mean value was noted for AO0 (10.54) followed by AO5 (8.37). Maximum decreased was observed in AO0 (34.12%) followed by AO1 (20.69%) minimum increased was observed in AO5 (14.44%) followed by AO2 (15.73%). Results are presented in table 7. Organic acid and sugar ratio primarily creates a sense of taste which is perceived by specialized taste buds on the tongue. Decrease in taste score might be due to the fluctuation in acids, pH and sugar/acid ratio.These results are in accordance with (8) reported decreasing trend from 6.2 to 4 during initial and 150 days during storage of watermelon and lemon jam. iii. Texture Texture of all the apple olive blended jam samples was decreased during 90 days storage interval. The mean values of all the treatments showed significant difference from AO0 to AO5 5.9, 6.5, 6.7, 6.5, 6.7 and 7.1 respectively. The minimum mean value was noted for AO0 (5.9) followed by AO1 and AO3 respectively (6.5) and maximum mean value was noted for AO5 (7.1) followed by AO2 and AO4 (6.7). Maximum decreased was observed in AO0 (34.7%) followed by AO1 (28.9%) minimum decreased was observed in AO5 (16.9%) followed by AO2 (23.7%). The textual properties of the jam are usually attributed pectic bodies composition. The pecticbodies in olive fruit are very low as compared to apple fruit. The decrease in pecticsubsatance with storage significantly affect the texture score of the apple olive blended jam; Results are presented in table 8. These results are in accordance with (17) studied the structural changes in strawberry tissue during glacial and stated that the textural attributes in particular were statistically significantly different among the strawberry jams. iv. Overall Acceptibility Over all acceptability of all the apple olive blended jam samples was decreased during 90 days storage interval. The mean values of all the treatments showed significant difference from AO0 to AO5 6.91, 7.42, 7.68, 7.70, 7.73 and 7.72 respectively. The minimum mean value was noted for AO0 (6.91) followed by AO1 (7.42) and maximum mean value was noted for AO4 (7.73) followed by AO5 (7.72). Maximum decreased was observed in AO0 (31.84%) followed by AO1 (22.92%) minimum decreased was observed in AO5 (17.43%) followed by AO2 (18.18%). The apple olive blended jam remains acceptable after 90 days of storage period. Sensory traits are non-generally inter related and contributes independently towards the overall sensory perception.Results are presented in table 8. These results are in accordance with (8) reported decreasing trend from 8.80 to 7.96 in apple marmalade. IV. Conclusion Apple olive blended jam was prepared from apple and olive pulp and was examined during time interval of 90 days. Statistically it is concluded that storage and treatment has significant effect on the quality and stability of the apple olive blended jam. Results investigated that good quality jam with equal amount of apple and olive pulp could be prepared and storage with minimum damages among the other treatment both physiochemically and organoleptically even after 90 days of storage interval. ![Total Soluble Solid (TSS) Total soluble solid of all the apple olive blended jam samples was increased during 90 days storage interval. The mean values of all the treatments show significant difference from AO0 to AO5 70.06, 70.63, 70.13, 70.31, 69.04 and 69.29 respectively. The minimum mean value was noted for AO4 (69.04) followed by AO5 (69.29) and maximum mean value was noted for AO1 (70.63.) followed by AO3 (70.31).](image-2.png "v.") 1![Figure 1: Showing Apple olive Blended jam stored at ambient temperature](image-3.png "Figure 1 :") ![Evaluation and Preparation of Apple and Olive Fruit Blended Jam](image-4.png "Quality") ![Values having different alphabetical letters are significantly different (P<0.05) Showing treatment AO 5 and its replication of the Apple Olive blended jam stored at ambient temperature Quality Evaluation and Preparation of Apple and Olive Fruit Blended Jam Journals Inc. (US)](image-5.png "") 2![Figure 2:](image-6.png "Figure 2 :") 3TreatmentsApple pulpOlive pulpSugarApple olive (AO?)1000 g-1000gApple olive (AO 1 )900 g100 g1000gApple olive (AO 2 )800 g200 g1000gApple olive (AO 3 )700 g300 g1000gApple olive (AO 4 )600 g400 g1000gApple olive (AO 5 )500 g500 g1000gb) Chemical UsedSodium Benzoate (Analytical grade-Merck Germany), Potassium sorbate (Analytical grade-Merck), Sodium hydroxide (Analytical Grade-Sigma), Copper sulphate (Analytical Grade-Merk Germany), Oxalic AcidYear 2015(Analytical Grade-Sigma), Potassium hydroxide(Analytical Grade-Sigma), Methylene Blue (Sigma),Phenolphthalein (Analytical Grade-Merk). SodiumPotassium tartrate (ChemPol England).D D D D ) L( 1TreatmentsStorage intervalsValues having different alphabetical letters are significantly different (P<0.05) L Volume XV Issue 1 Version I © 2015 Global Journals Inc. (US) a) Research Plan ii. Titratable Acidity (%) 2TreatmentsStorage intervals 3TreatmentsStorage intervals 4TreatmentsStorage intervals 5TreatmentsStorage intervalsValues having different alphabetical letters are significantly different (P<0.05) L Volume XV Issue 1 Version I 6TreatmentsStorage intervals 7TreatmentsStorage intervals 8TreatmentsStorage intervals 9TreatmentsStorage intervals © 2015 Global Journals Inc. (US) * Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International WGeorge JLatimer Association of Official Analytical Chemists II 2012. 20877-2417. 2012 19th edition * Evaluation of strawberry juice preserved with chemical preservatives at refrigeration temperature MAyub JUllah AMuhammad AZeb International Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2 2 2010 * Canning of fruits vegetables and their juices, Effect of canning and storage on the quality of juice from different varieties of oranges MAli 2004 Dept. of Food Tech, Agri. Univ. Faisalabad M.Sc thesis * Preparation and evaluation of dried apricot diet jam FMAnjum MDin IAhmad APasha Pak. J. Food Sci 3 10 2000 * Food preserves and jams RABaker NBerry YHHui DMBarret 2001 CRC press Boca Raton, FL, USA Second ed * Urinary excretion of olive oil phenols and their metabolites in humans DCaruso FVisioli RPatelli CGalli GGalli Metabolism 50 2001 * Codex Standard for Jams, Jellies and Marmalades ACCodex Codex Alimentarius Commission 296 2009 Codex Stan * Development, standardization and storage studies on grape fruit apple marmalade HBEhsan ZPNaeem AJaveed ANazir Pak. J. Food Sci 13 2003 * Implications for immunosurveillance of altered HLA class I phenotypes in human tumours FGarrido FRuiz-Cabello TCabrera JJPérez-Villar MLópez-Botet MDuggan-Keen PLStern Immunol Today 18 2 1997 * OleaEuropaea. In: PDR for Herbal Medicines JGruenwald Medical Economics Company 1998 * Food composition table for Pakistan. Govt. of Pak THussain 2001 Ministryof P & D Islamabad * Combined effect of potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate on individual and blended juices of apricot and apple fruits grown in Azad Jammu and Kashmir IHussain AZeb IShakir ASShah Pak. J. Nutr 7 2008 * The effect of table olive preparing methods and storage on the composition and nutritive value of olives UKemal NCevdet Grasas y Aceites 54 1 2003 * Laboratory Methods of Sensory Evaluation of Foods ELarmond 1977 Ottawa, Canada Publication 1637 Department of Agri * Foods, Facts and principles SNManay NShadaksharaswamy New Age International (P) Limited 2005. 197 * Principles procedures of statistics RG DSteel JHTorrie 1997 McGraw Hill Book Pub. Co New York, USA * Structural changes in strawberry tissues during pre freezing. Food and Agri NSuutarinen SG HFleet VShikov 2000 Org, UN, FAO, 53: Rome Italy