Global Journal of Medical Research
Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women admitted to the maternity at Guelendeng District Hospital in Chad
Anaemia and iron deficiency are major public health issues worldwide, particularly in children under five and pregnant women. It is an indicator of deterioration in both nutritional status and health. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women admitted for consultation to the maternity ward at Guelendeng District Hospital, and to contribute to nutritional advice on good nutrition for pregnant women. The study took place from 05 May to 05 August 2023. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 67 pregnant women. Only consenting women who presented for hemoglobin and malaria tests were included in the study, with data taken from the consultation booklet or directly from their examination reports. The tests were carried out using a Mindray-BC 3000 photometer and hemocue. Of the 67 women, 50 presumed to be anemic were included in the study.
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Longitudinal Follow-up to Assess Knowledge Retention and Practice Change of Mothers and Caregivers on Childhood Diarrhea in Zanzibar
Objectives: To assess knowledge retention and practice change 6-12 months after initial training among mothers and caregivers of under-five children in Zanzibar, and to identify factors associated with sustained adoption.
Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Tumors and Vascular Malformations in Senegal: About 52 Cases
Demographic and Biological Determinants of Hypertension: Insights about ACE I/D Polymorphism in a population from northeastern Brazil
Primary Hypertension is a multifactorial condition and a significant public health concern due to its link with cardiovascular disease. Factors such as obesity, smoking, and genetics contribute to its development. This study examined demographic and biological parameters in hypertensive and normotensive individuals, revealing that ethnicity and family history strongly influence Hypertension risk, particularly among Black participants and those with affected relatives. Hypertensive patients showed higher BMI and waist circumference, with age also contributing to onset. Other parameters, including hip circumference and lipid profiles, were similar between groups.
Psychometric Evaluation and Validation of the Questionnaire on Stress in Diabetic Patients in Brazilian Portuguese
Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the Treatment of Difficult-Healing Wounds: Case Report
Dr. Ana Elizabeth Oliveira de Araujo Alves
The Enigma of Lipofibromatous Hamartoma: A Deep Dive into a Rare Pathology
Minorities Maltreatment: Humanity Under Siege
Dominant majority groups create an exploitative mechanism in which oppression, marginalization, and violence function, and minorities suffer. This article examines how majorities exercise social, political, and economic control over minorities. It also examines religious, ethnic, and language-based conflicts, which are the root causes of such maltreatment. It deep dives into minorities’ social exclusion, economic deprivation, genocide, and displacement. In fact, this study emphasizes empathy, awareness, and global action, calling for humanity to triumph and inhumanity to vanish.
From the Instinctive Drowning Response to Intelligent Water Safety: A Research Agenda for AI-Augmented Aquatic Risk Science
This article proposes a research program that integrates recent advances in artificial intelligence with established theory and practice in drowning prevention, lifeguard operations, and aquatic risk management. Building on prior contributions that characterized the Instinctive Drowning Response and clarified the cognitive and perceptual demands placed on rescuers, I outline how intelligent systems can support earlier recognition, better prioritization, and more reliable intervention in aquatic environments. The paper introduces a modular architecture for AIenhanced water safety that spans perception, causal risk modeling, decision support, education and training, and system-level prevention. It presents practical evaluation criteria, interdisciplinary collaboration paths, and governance principles tailored to the realities of beaches, pools, waterparks, and open water. The agenda emphasizes human-centered design, ethical deployment, and translational research that connects laboratory methods with lifeguard stands, facility control rooms, and public health practice.
In-silico Analysis - Phytochemicals against ‘mGluR5’ for Therapeutic Intenvention in the Intellect, in Fragile X Syndrome
Intellectually different ability or intellectual disability (ID)’ exhibits neurodevelopmental deficits, which manifests as limitations in ‘intellectual functioning’ and ‘adaptive behavior’. ‘Fragile X syndrome’ is the common genetic cause of ID. Therefore in this in-silico research, the protein ‘mGluR5’ was targeted for the therapy of ID, in Fragile X Syndrome. In Fragile X syndrome, due to mutation in FMR1 gene, there’s lack of FMRP (Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein), resulting in unimpeded activity of ‘mGluR5’, which leads to aberrant dendritic development with mis-signalling. This results in ID, autism and psychopathology. An attempt towards overcoming this problem of ID, in Fragile X syndrome, in this research, ‘mGluR5’ was targeted against 19 different phytochemicals, collected from IMPPAT 2.0 database. 3D-structure of ‘mGluR5’ was obtained from RCSB-PDB, then the phytochemicals were docked against ‘mGluR5’ using CB-Dock.
Intellectually different ability (Intellectual disability)
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A Basic Drug Formulation Appropriate for Many Psychiatric Diagnoses
This article proposes a basic drug formulation that, with additions according to the particular behavior, addresses all psychiatric conditions. The drugs examined are those that address the five major types of brain cells, neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, endothelial cells and microglia. Approximately 40 drugs need consideration. Five of those drugs have the widest activity but drug-drug interactions eliminate fluoxetine, leaving ketamine, metformin, minocycline, and valproate, as the drugs for formulating a basic treatment for all psychiatric conditions.
Extraction Treatment of Severe Bimaxillary Incisor Protrusion in a High-Angle Class II Patient: Three-Dimensional Torque Control using ART and Ricketts Bioprogressive Mechanics
Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Maxillary Sinus Lift Procedures in Partially Edentulous Posterior Maxilla: A Comparative Study
Background: In the edentulous posterior maxilla, alveolar bone resorption and maxillary sinus pneumatization reduce bone height and density, complicating implant placement and often necessitating sinus augmentation. Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical, radiological, and patient-centred outcomes of direct (lateral window) and indirect (crestal/osteotome) maxillary sinus lift techniques for implant placement. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six patients with insufficient posterior maxillary bone height were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 28 each). Clinical outcomes, radiographic bone gain, implant stability, and survival were assessed over 12 months. Results: The lateral window technique achieved significantly greater vertical bone gain (6.5 ± 1.3 mm) than the crestal approach (4.2 ± 1.0 mm; p < 0.001), with higher insertion torque and superior secondary stability at 6 months. Primary stability at placement and implant survival rates were comparable between groups (98.2%). Postoperative pain and swelling were slightly higher with the lateral approach but resolved within one week. Membrane perforation was more frequent in the lateral group (10.7% vs. 3.6%) without long-term consequences. Conclusion: The lateral window approach provides greater bone gain and implant stability in severely resorbed posterior maxillae, while the crestal technique offers a minimally invasive alternative with lower morbidity and comparable long-term implant success in moderate cases. An individualized, anatomy-based approach is recommended for optimal outcomes.
Building a Global Central Database for Promising Herbal Antimalarials from Various Countries: Strategies for Safe and Effective Drug Development
Drug databases have become a critical tool used by various stakeholders to make informed decisions about medication therapy Globally researchers have carried out primary studies that have documented and provided knowledge on the antiplasmodial activities of numerous plants A central database designed to document vital efficacy and safety information on the most promising antimalarial-medicinal plants being recommended for advanced studies in the drug discovery and development pipeline is needed to serve as vital repository supporting the general public researchers academic institutions pharmacological companies policymakers and patients relying on herbal antimalarials Current malaria research programs require the use of advanced techniques in the development of new antimalarials
high-throughput and multi-omics screening
Diphylla Ecaudata Spix, 1823 in the Caatinga-Cerrado Ecotone: From Feeding Plasticity to Rabies Propagation in Northeastern Brazil
In the Brazilian Northeast the state of Piau exhibits a lacunose chiropteran fauna in terms of diversity Thus knowledge about the ecology of these animals highlighted by the occurrence of significant zoonoses remains abstruse The study aimed to update the geographical distribution of Diphylla ecaudata in the Brazilian Northeast associating it with new foraging approaches and records of the rabies virus in the region For the construction of this work bibliographic searches were conducted in journals and digital platforms reporting the occurrence of Diphylla ecaudata bats in Piau The research included field activities in the municipalities of Picos Pedro II and Milton Brand o setting up mist nets at dusk and dismantling them before dawn in areas suspected of the presence of these animals The captures followed specific protocols cited in specialized literature under authorization 69264-7 SISBio 002 CEUAIFPI 2021 and registration AF78746 in SISGEN
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Effect of the Intravaginal Inoculation of Phytobiotics in a Murine Experimental Model
Lactobacilli play a fundamental role in maintaining health and preventing infections of the female urogenital tract Complementary use of vegetal extracts selected for their ethnopharmacological characteristics and conventional uses for the different conditions in the human body as an adequate alternative therapy for the restoration of the vaginal microbiome has emerged Compatibility of phytoextracts with lactobacilli for the design of phytobiotic formulas was determined previously Safety of selected combinations by the intravaginal i va administration in a murine model was evaluated to determine if some type of adverse effect was produced in the host Lactobacillus gasseri CRL1320 Limosilactobacillus reuteri CRL1324 Ligilactobacillus salivarius CRL1328 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1332 combined with Hamamelis-virginiana Amaranthus-muricatus and Smilax- spera were inoculated individually or combined in mice vagina 7 daily doses
Yoga and Botulinum Toxin Reduce Adolescent Idiopathic Lumbar Scoliosis – A Control, Randomized Study
Background Approximately 90 of scoliosis is adolescentidiopathic AIS From 10 14 years of age until 20 the spine is most vulnerable An effective non-surgical means of remediation is welcome Design Randomized controlled three-arm study assessing safety and efficacy of yoga with incobotulinum injections to reverse lumbar and thoracolumbar AIS Methods Private clinic setting Non-pregnant healthy 12 20-year-olds with AIS performed either a placebo yoga pose Group 1 the side plank Vasisthasana with placebo injection Group 2 or side plank with incobotulinum injections Group 3 In Group 3 33 IU of incobotulinumtoxin were injected into the concave-side lumbar paraspinals quadratus lumborum at curve s apex and psoas with needle entry at L3 4 Group 2 received equal volumes of normal saline solution at the same locations Random org provided randomization Objective Determine safety and efficacy of increasing muscular strength symmetry in AIS Results Each group had 10 patients All completed the three-month study period Mean self-reported daily side plank time 155 s The mean initial lumbar curvatures for groups 1 2 and 3 were 29 8 SD 6 6 37 8 SD 8 0 and 33 0 SD 6 31 degrees respectively Curves were reduced at 3 months by 1 8 2 4 -7 8 7 1 and -12 2 8 79 respectively with p 0 001 improvement in Group 2 vs Group 1 and Group 3 vs Group 1 Group 3 showed the greatest improvement Harms one patient in Group 2 one in Group 3 with transient shoulder pain that resolved by using the forearm in the pose Conclusion Muscle strength asymmetry appears to be relevant to AIS treatment Side planks performed with the convex side downward alone and side planks combined with incobotulinum injections on the concave side appeared more effective in reversing lumbar AIS than placebo exercises Incobotulinum injections with yoga appeared to be the most effective
Dualism of the Aging Process (Analytical Review)
The aging process is one of the most complex problems in biology Hundreds of research institutes around the world are studying aging at various levels of the structural organization of living matter The results of many thousands of studies on this phenomenon have been published More than 300 theories have been proposed that attempt to explain the causes of aging It is important to note that almost all theories associate aging with the accumulation of negative changes in molecules and cells in the body It seems that a person or an individual of another biological species lives in order to make negative changes in the structure of living matter However this contradicts the fact that damage and destructive changes cannot ensure progress in the evolutionary development of life The article attempts to find the cause of this contradiction The author puts forward a position on the dual function of the aging process in the development of living matter on the one hand aging causes degradation of the organism as a system on the other it ensures the structural improvement of its tissues at the molecular level That is aging as the main mechanism of evolution is aimed not at preserving the organism as a system but at preserving its individual elements information blocks that are of interest for building new structures of living matter as a whole An evolutionary ladder is formed from these information blocks along which living matter rises to a higher level of its development Aging is not decay or damage but a mechanism for transferring one structure of living tissue to another - more perfect with its preservation in the form of a potential phase for use by new cellular generations of the same organism or other organisms
archiving and transmission of biological information
Stillbirths and Neonatal Deaths in Conflict Zones: A 10-Year Review of Health System Collapse
Armed conflict significantly increases the risk of stillbirths and neonatal deaths particularly in low and middle income countries LMICs where health systems are fragile or in active collapse Over the past decade countries such as Syria Yemen South Sudan and Ukraine have experienced substantial deterioration in maternal and neonatal outcomes due to both direct and indirect effects of conflict This paper employs a narrative synthesis of published and grey literature to assess the burden of perinatal mortality in conflict zones with particular attention to trends in stillbirth and neonatal mortality disruptions in service delivery and the responses of global health actors such as UNICEF the World Health Organization and M decins Sans Fronti res In several conflict-affected regions stillbirth rates have reached forty per one thousand births while neonatal mortality exceeds fifty per one thousand live births more than double the global average Stillbirths often underreported due to civil registration collapse and cultural stigma remain largely invisible in humanitarian data systems Through comparative analysis the paper highlights critical intervention points and proposes conflict-adapted strategies such as mobile neonatal care units community-based midwifery and the use of humanitarian corridors to reduce preventable deaths
Self-Care for Arteriovenous Fistula and the Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Resilience
A doen a renal cr nica afeta mais de 10 da popula o mundial constituindo uma preocupa o global de sa de p blica Pacientes com doen a renal cr nica frequentemente necessitam de hemodi lise e fazem uso da f stula arteriovenosa que demanda cuidados espec ficos Esses pacientes tamb m podem enfrentar condi es como depress o ansiedade e estresse com a resili ncia desempenhando um papel fundamental no enfrentamento dessas adversidades O Objetivo deste estudo investigar a associa o entre resili ncia sintomas de depress o ansiedade e estresse e os comportamentos de autocuidado relacionados f stula arteriovenosa em pacientes hemodial ticos M todo Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal de car ter descritivo-anal tico conduzido em quatro servi os de Nefrologia na Regi o Centro-Oeste do Brasil Foram aplicadas a Escala de Resili ncia a Escala de Depress o Ansiedade e Estresse e a Escala de Avalia o de Comportamentos de Autocuidado com a F stula Arteriovenosa em Hemodi lise Resultados Os resultados indicaram que n o houve associa o significativa entre os comportamentos de autocuidado e as vari veis estudadas Conclus o Apesar da aus ncia de associa o entre os fatores analisados o estudo evidenciou que a ansiedade um sintoma predominante entre os pacientes hemodial ticos Al m disso destacou a import ncia do autocuidado com a f stula como componente essencial para o cuidado integral em sa de e a sa de mental desses pacientes
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers to Mammogram Screening Among Northern Saudi Women: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Mammogram screening MS is the most effective method for the early detection of breast cancer BC yet uptake of MS is low in Saudi Arabia especially in traditional regions This cross-sectional study examined 400 women in Aljouf Province in Saudi Arabia from September 2022 to February 2023 regarding BC knowledge attitudes toward MS and perceived barriers to participating in MS Of the women surveyed 56 3 had low to medium levels of knowledge of BC which was significantly related to higher education levels and a history of BC in the family Most notable barriers to participating in MS included fear of BC diagnosis 50 8 fear of examination procedures and cultural issues notably becoming embarrassed A negative correlation was observed between barriers and knowledge for instance higher knowledge of BC was related to perceived fewer barriers to MS In summary it is important to take a multi-faceted approach to address the deficits in knowledge related to BC and consider culturally sensitive education improved communication regarding healthcare and programs aimed at providing better screening measures Future multicentric studies are suggested to account for the possible qualitative barriers to MS
Hereditary Hemochromatosis: Clinical and Metabolic Disorders
Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by excessive iron accumulation in the body leading to iron deposits in tissues and organs and impairing their function This work presents a systematic literature review based on articles selected from the PubMed database aiming to understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms of the disease as well as diagnostic and therapeutic advances The analyzed studies indicate that reduced hepcidin levels a key iron-regulating peptide play a central role in the development of hemochromatosis and that mutations in specific genes-such as HFE HJV HAMP TFR2 and SLC40A1-are associated with different types of the disease Excess iron leads to inflammatory processes fibrosis cellular damage and ferroptosis The main symptoms are related to the liver but may also affect other systems emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis The findings show that although often overlooked hemochromatosis can be detected in its early stages through current molecular and biochemical testing enabling therapeutic interventions that prevent severe organ damage The study also highlights that advancements in molecular genetics have significantly contributed to a better understanding of the disease s pathophysiology and to the implementation of more effective clinical approaches Thus the relevance of genetic screening and monitoring of iron levels is reinforced as fundamental strategies in the management of hereditary hemochromatosis
hemocromatose ferro hepcidina henética hiagnóstico precoce
Distribution of Genital Mycoplasmas in pregnant and non-pregnant Women in Iraq of Basrah City
A total of 120 women attending the outpatient clinic of the obstetric and gynecology department of Basrah General Hospital were evaluated for the role of genital mycoplasmas in certain infectious female genital conditions during the period from December 1st 2003 to Qctober 2nd 2004 High vagina and endocervix swabs were cultured Five species of genital mycoplasmas were isolated and identifiedon modified PPLO medium the characteristics and biochemical properties of them were fit with those of Mycoplasma hominis Ureaplasma urealyticum M fermentans M genitalium and M penetrans in which the last three species were identified for the first time in Iraq M hominis U urealyticum M genitalium and M penetrans were more frequently distributed in age group 20-39 years and in women with lower socioeconomic status A significant difference was found in the isolation of both M hominis and M genitalium from non-pregnant Also a significant difference was noted in isolation rates of M hominis M fermentans and M penetrans from pregnant women at different gestational periods
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Toward a Neurocounseling Paradigm: The Science Behind Step One in Addiction Recovery
Facilitating successful early and sustained remission from substance use disorder remains an extraordinarily difficult puzzle for both clients and supporting persons to navigate Ninety years since Alcoholics Anonymous developed its twelve step spiritual approach to recovery from the devastation of alcoholism initiating and sustaining abstinence from addictive substances remains a tremendous challenge While the 12-step community continues to support addicted persons at no cost through meetings and relationships psychology counseling and medicine are continuing to develop approaches for people to achieve recovery from addiction To date there is minimal convergence in these approaches leaving affected individuals with often confusing choices in seeking necessary recovery support The unfortunate result is the predominant view of substance use disorder as a chronic relapsing disorder whereby relapse is embedded as fundamental to its nature Greater societal stressors and increasingly dangerous substance access is resulting in death by overdose becoming a major public health issue
Evaluating Psilocybin as a Treatment for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson s Disease PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor symptoms due to dopaminergic degeneration and non-motor symptoms such as depression anxiety and cognitive impairment which significantly affect patients quality of life Traditional dopaminergic therapies address motor symptoms but offer limited efficacy for neuropsychiatric manifestations Psilocybin a serotonergic compound with strong affinity for the 5-HT2A receptor has emerged as a promising candidate for addressing the complex symptomatology of PD including its neuropsychiatric components This review examines the pharmacological effects of psilocybin particularly its ability to modulate serotonergic and dopaminergic systems enhance neuroplasticity and reduce neuroinflammation offering a potential therapeutic approach for PD While clinical research in PD remains limited evidence from related conditions such as Major Depressive Disorder MDD and Substance Use Disorder SUD supports the notion that psilocybin could modulate both motor and non-motor symptoms in PD Furthermore psilocybin s ability to induce brain network hyperconnectivity and regulate dopamine release offers mechanistic insight into its potential benefits
Safety and Diagnostic Accuracy of Biopsy of Targeted Splenic Lesions Under Ultrasound Guidance Using the Multiple-Pass Technique Without Co-Axial in Kinshasa Hospitals
Introduction The most frequent splenic pathologies can pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians radiologists and pathologists These pathologies are innumerable and may be of malignant or benign tumoral origin Six techniques are currently available to obtain splenic tissue samples for pathological evaluation Less invasive percutaneous techniques performed by an interventional radiologist under ultrasound or CT guidance include fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core tissue biopsy They are associated with fewer complications and greater precision Materials and Methods This was a descriptive multicenter observational study of the various radioguided percutaneous splenic puncture-biopsy procedures performed using the multiple-pass technique without co-axial placement over a 5-year period The objectives of the present study were to demonstrate the safety and diagnostic accuracy of targeted splenic puncture biopsy using the multiple-pass technique without co-axial placement and to evaluate the rate of major complications of the said technique Results A total of eighteen patients underwent percutaneous splenic biopsy In this study patients aged 25 years 33 3 and those aged 48-58 and 59-69 years were more likely to have undergone percutaneous splenic biopsy 22 2 and 22 2 were the most affected Males predominated with 66 7 versus 33 3 Splenomegaly was the most frequently encountered clinical parameter with 44 44 Lymphomatous lesions were present in 33 3 of patients with CD20-negative diffuse large-cell lymphoma 11 1 non-Hodgkin s lymphoma 11 2 and hepatosplenic T lymphoma NOS 11 1 Splenic tuberculosis ranked second in 22 2 of patients and Gauchier s disease in 22 2 Ultrasound was the most commonly used radiological guide in 88 9 of cases The 14-gauge automatic gun was used in 44 4 of cases The co-axial or indirect technique was used in all patients 100 the multiple-pass technique without co-axial T-MPSC was used in all patients 100 4-5 cores were taken in the majority of patients 88 9 No major complications were encountered in the present series Conclusion Radiation-guided percutaneous biopsy of splenic lesions with automatic or semi-automatic 14-16 G tru-cuts using the coaxial-free multiple-pass technique T-MPSC yields large-calibre tissue material for accurate diagnosis during pathological analysis This technique also avoids embolization of the co-axial pathway and per- or post-biosurgical haemorrhagic complications In conclusion percutaneous radio-guided splenic biopsy is an effective alternative to splenectomy in patients with single or multiple splenic lesions
Assessment of Interventional Radiology Practice and Knowledge in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Introduction Interventional radiology procedures are performed at three levels primary intermediate and tertiary They are classified as simple intermediate and complex procedures These procedures have become commonplace in Western countries and in certain emerging countries in North and South Africa However some of these procedures are still largely unknown and impractical in the Democratic Republic of Congo DRC particularly in the hospital environment of Kinshasa Intermediate and complex procedures are performed in specialized hospitals they are time-consuming and involve a high risk of exposure to ionizing radiation Objective To assess practices and knowledge of interventional radiology in DRC hospitals Methods descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from 15 Aug 2023 to 15 Jan 2024 organized in the form of an anonymous electronic questionnaire evolving knowledge and practices of IR in hospital settings in DR Congo was sent electronically to healthcare providers radiologists and non-radiologists practicing in the Democratic Republic of Congo The socio-demographic profile of respondents radioprotection in IR radiology equipment available IR procedures performed and level of competence in radioprotection and IR were recorded Results The participation rate in the present series was 35 6 for radiologists and radiology assistants and 64 4 for non-radiologists There was a predominance of males 77 5 and females 22 5 The age range 32 - 41 was predominant in both groups 19 5 for radiologists radiology assistants and 25 4 for non-radiologists The average age was 38 9 7 3 years for radiologists radiology assistants and 38 8 9 1 years for non-radiologists The provincial city of Kinshasa was the most represented province in the present series with 67 4 followed by North Kivu with 5 5 91 9 of participants had heard of IR while 8 1 of respondents had never heard of the discipline In terms of knowledge of IR procedures 59 7 gave a positive response of which only 26 2 had complex knowledge of IR procedures Conclusion The level of knowledge and practice of IR in hospitals in the DRC is generally inadequate This calls on the health authorities to organize a strategic plan for equipping the various hospitals not forgetting the ongoing training of radiologists and non-radiologists
Percutaneous Radio-Guided Chemical Ablation with Absolute Ethanol of Cystic and Solid Lesions in Kinshasa Hospital Environments
Introduction the main objective of the present study is to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of percutaneous radio-guided chemical ablation with absolute ethanol 96 in the therapeutic management of cystic and solid lesions benign localization thyroid classified EU-TIRADS 2 parathyroid hepatic renal inguino-scrotal ovarian as well as osteoarticular Materials and Methods Eighty patients were included in the present study Ages ranged from six to seventy-five After ultrasound reassessment psychological preparation premedication and local anesthesia we perform a puncture-drainage of the lesion under strict ultrasound guidance with good visualization of the bevel followed by rinsing for certain lesions and injection of 96 ethanol The volume of ethanol injected was obtained by calculating 10 to 20 of the overall volume of the lesion We performed one to three sessions of Sclerotherapy on our patients particularly on D1-D4 and D7 We studied the effectiveness of sclerotherapy through the complete drying of the lesion the reduction of the lesion volume to more than 50 of the initial volume as well as the disappearance of the pain As for recidivism it was evaluated by the persistence of pain the persistence or reappearance of the cystic lesion with a residual volume estimated at more than 50 Results Out of eighty patients listed We recorded 46 2 men and 53 8 women with a sex ratio of 0 83 The age of the patients was between 6 -75 years with an average age of 43 5 17 5 years The youngest patient was 6 years old and the oldest 75 years old The 37-47 age groups were the most represented with 26 3 The majority of women were aged between 26-36 and 37-47 years respectively 27 5 of the entire workforce In addition 17 5 of men were aged between 48-58 years Nearly 55 of our patients consulted for cervical swelling on an anatomopathological level almost 64 of our patients had an inflammatory smear 42 5 of the lesions treated were of thyroid location and the number of alcohol sessions depended on the organ treated the content of the alcoholic lesion gender without forgetting the volume of the alcoholic mass Radiologically the success rate was 95 apart from one treatment failure in four patients who were asymptomatic No complications haemorrhagic or infectious has been encountered except for one case of hypoglycemic shock which was quickly corrected Conclusion Ethanol 96 is an effective liquid sclerosing agent treating benign cystic lesions thyroid EU-TIRADS2 parathyroid hepatic renal Bosniak Ia osteoarticular inguino-scrotal as well as ovarian Given the ease of obtaining ethanol in sub-Saharan hospital environments Kinshasa in particular the simplicity of the procedure the low morbidity rate and its effectiveness obliges us to recommend percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy as a treatment of first choice instead of other complex percutaneous ablation techniques The average volume of ethanol used was 12 85 ml the largest volume of ethanol was 40 ml and the smallest volume was estimated at 2 ml The average volume of treated lesions was 106 12 ml the smallest lesion volume was 4 ml and the large volume was 814 ml
Five Plants with Promising Antimicrobial Peptides
Antimicrobial peptides AMPs are bioactive molecules known for their strong antimicrobial properties against a variety of microorganisms The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections coupled with a scarcity of newly developed antibiotics has intensified the search for novel sources of AMPs Plant-derived AMPs present several benefits compared to conventional antibiotics Consequently this research focused on screening various plant species to identify new antimicrobial peptides Water-soluble proteins were extracted from the dried plant materials using an aqueous extraction buffer The resulting extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC being determined followed by separation through thin layer chromatography and subsequent agar overlay bioautography Protein extracts from five different plants exhibited antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with inhibition zones measuring between 11 and 22 mm The extract from Raphanus sativus demonstrated the most extensive antibacterial activity with inhibition zones ranging from 16 to 19 mm against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12493 Streptococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 Escherichia coli NCTC 13846 and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 The extract of Vitis labrusca showed inhibition zones of 18 mm and 11 mm against S aureus and S epidermidis respectively while Ricinus communis exhibited inhibition zones of 15 mm and 22 mm against the same bacteria Hibiscus sabdariffa extract displayed a smaller inhibition zone of 12 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853
Ebola Virus Disease in sub-Saharan Africa: History, Contemporary Epidemiology and Recommendations
Between 2017 and 2022 Ebola virus disease had occasioned nine outbreaks killing 2412 people out of 3714 cases in sub-Saharan Africa Given the pandemic capacities of the largest Ebola epidemics that occurred in West Africa from 2014-2016 and the socio-economic catastrophe wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic all hands must be on deck to mitigate recurrent Ebola outbreaks Hence this piece explores the historical trajectory of Ebola virus disease and its epidemiological attributes in the contemporary era We deployed a narrative review of relevant articles on the Ebola virus disease from its inception in 1976 to 2025 Between 2001 and 2025 26 outbreaks of EVD occurred in sub-Saharan Africa with an average case fatality rate of 43 percent We discovered that 60 percent of the epidemics occurred in DRC Congo and Zaire Ebola strains were responsible for 73 percent of outbreaks Hence we maintain that the recurrent rate of Ebola virus disease epidemics in contemporary sub-Saharan Africa is mainly due to rapid urbanization political instabilities and weakened health systems Therefore this work underscores the need for continuing community education and engagement regarding Ebola strengthening of disease surveillance and a clarion call for peace in war-troubled regions of sub-Saharan Africa