Focal Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee: Current Review

Dr. Dr. Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek; Dr. Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek; sedeek mosaid

Authors

Dr. Dr. Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek
Dr. Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek
sedeek mosaid

Keywords:

cartilage defects, knee injury, repair, surgery, microfracture

Abstract

Injuries to the articular cartilage of the knee are common, they have a significant role in degenerative joint diseases, cartilage is unable to regenerate due to its inherent lack of vascular supply. The management of symptomatic focal traumatic articular cartilage lesions of the knee in active individuals remains a substantial challenge. Although many treatment options are currently available, none of them has fulfilled the criteria for an ideal management solution. Treatment decisions should be based on appropriate evaluation and classification of the pathology. This would enable the treating physician to choose whether to perform a repair or a restoration of the articular surface. The current article reviews the nature and types of cartilage lesions in the knee and the management options utilized in their treatment.

Downloads

How to Cite

Focal Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee: Current Review. (2014). Global Journal of Medical Research, 14(13), 13-19. https://medicalresearchjournal.org/index.php/GJMR/article/view/

Download Citation

Author Biography

Dr. Dr. Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek

Dr. Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek is an orthopedic surgeon and academic based in Alexandria, Egypt. He holds an MBBCH, a Master Degree in Orthopaedics, and an FRCS from Ireland, with a specific focus on elbow dislocation. Dr. Sedeek is affiliated with Al Ahly Hospital and has contributed to the medical literature as an author, notably with the paper 'Focal Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee: Current Review.' Beyond his own research, he has served as a peer reviewer for the Global Journal of Medical Research (GJMR) and as a Fellow member, reviewing numerous papers across various medical disciplines. His professional interests lie in orthopedics, biomechanics, and sports medicine.

References

B. Cole, C. Pascual-Garrido, R. Grumet (2009) Surgical management of articular cartilage defects in the knee. 91, 1778-1790.

Brian Cole, Christopher Harner (1999) Degenerative Arthritis of the Knee in Active Patients: Evaluation and Management. 7(6), 389-402. https://doi.org/10.5435/00124635-199911000-00005

Joseph Buckwalter, Van Mow, Anthony Ratcliffe (1994) Restoration of Injured or Degenerated Articular Cartilage. 2(4), 192-201. https://doi.org/10.5435/00124635-199407000-00002

Nicholas Sgaglione, Anthony Miniaci, Scott Gillogly, Thomas Carter (2002) Update on advanced surgical techniques in the treatment of traumatic focal articular cartilage lesions in the knee. 18(2S1), 9-32. https://doi.org/10.1053/jars.2002.31783

Newman AP (1998) Articular Cartilage Repair. 26, 309-324.

Browne Mandelbaum BR, Micheli Fu F, Erggelet Mosely JB Jr, Peterson Minas T (1998) Articular Cartilage Lesions of the Knee. 26, 853-861.

P. Borden, S. Mair, V. Bobic, D. Johnson (2002) Articular cartilage injuries of the knee. 2002, 655-662.

Messner K (1996) The long term prognosis for severe damage to the weight bearing cartilage in the knee: A 14- year clinical and radiographic follow up in 28 young athletes. 67, 165-168.

Nehrer S, Spector M, Minas T (1999) Histologic Analysis of Tissue After Failed Cartilage Repair Procedures. 365, 149-162.

E. Strauss, L. Fonseca, M. Shah, Youm Thomas (2011) Management of focal cartilage defects in the knee, is ACI the answer?. 69, 63-72.

R. Outerbridge (1961) THE ETIOLOGY OF CHONDROMALACIA PATELLAE. 43, 752-757.

International Cartilage Repair Society (1998) The cartilage standard evaluation form/knee.

Heir S, Nerhus TK, Røtterud JH, Løken S, Ekeland A, Engebretsen L, Arøen A (2010) Focal Cartilage Defects in the Knee Impair Quality of Life as Much as Severe Osteoarthritis. 38, 231-237.

Mach DB, Rogers SD, Sabino MC, Luger NM, Schwei MJ (2002) Origins of skeletal pain: sensory and sympathetic innervation of the mouse femur. 113, 155-166.

R. Mason, J. Horne (1995) The posteroanterior 45° flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee. 10(6), 790-792. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0883-5403(05)80076-2

Rosenberg TD, Paulos LE, Parker RD (1988) The forty-five-degree posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee. 70(10), 1479-1483. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-198870100-00006

Brian Cole, Stephen Lee (2003) Complex knee reconstruction: Articular cartilage treatment options.Arthroscopy 2003. 19(10S1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2003.09.025

Brown WE, Potter HG, Marx RG, Wickiewicz TL, Warren RF (2004) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Appearance of Cartilage Repair in the Knee. 422, 214-223.

Calvo Figueroa D, Carrasco Vaisman A, Delgado Moraga C (2007) Knee Chondral Lesions: Incidence and Correlation Between Arthroscopic and Magnetic Resonance Findings. 23, 312-315.

D. Disler, T. McCauley, C. Wirth, M. Fuchs (1995) Detection of knee hyaline cartilage defects using fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR imaging: comparison with standard MR imaging and correlation with arthroscopy. 165(2), 377-382. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.165.2.7618561

Potter HG, Linklater JM, Allen AA, Hannafin JA, Haas SB (1998) Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage in the Knee. An Evaluation with Use of Fast-Spin-Echo Imaging*. 80, 1276-1284.

Dye SF, Chew MH (1994) The use of scintigraphy to detect increased osseous metabolic activity about the knee. 43, 453-69.

Kaplan Shah MR, Meislin RJ (2007) Articular cartilage restoration of the knee. 65, 51-60.

J. Steadman, W. Rodkey, K. Briggs, J. Rodrigo (1999) The microfracture technic in the management of complete cartilage defects in the knee joint. 28(1), 26-32.

Steadman JR, Briggs KK, Rodrigo JJ, Kocher MS, Gill TJ, Rodkey WG (2003) Outcomes of microfracture for traumatic chondral defects of the knee: Average 11‐year follow‐up. 19, 477-484.

Lindahl Brittberg M, Ohlsson Nilsson A, Peterson Isaksson O (1994) Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantationN Engl J Med 1994. 331, 889-95.

Steadman JR, Rodkey WG, Rodrigo JJ (2001) Microfracture: surgical technique and rehabilitation to treat chondral defects. 391, 362-9.

P. Kreuz, M. Steinwachs, C. Erggelet, S. Krause, G. Konrad, M. Uhl, N. Südkamp (2006) Results after microfracture of full-thickness chondral defects in different compartments in the knee. 14, 1119-1125.

Knutsen G, Drogset JO, Engebretsen L, Grøntvedt T, Isaksen V, Ludvigsen TC, Roberts S, Solheim E, Strand T, Johansen O (2007) A randomized trial comparing autologous chondrocyte implantation with microfracture Findings at five years. 89, 2105-2112.

Gudas R, Kalesinskas RJ, Kimtys V, Stankevicius E, Toliusis V, Bernotavicius G, Smailys A (2005) A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study of Mosaic Osteochondral Autologous Transplantation Versus Microfracture for the Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Knee Joint in Young Athletes. 21, 1066-1075.

H. Outerbridge, A. Outerbridge, R. Outerbridge (1995) The use of a lateral patellar autologous graft for the repair of a large osteochondral defect in the knee. 77(1), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199501000-00009

Asheesh Bedi, Brian Feeley, Riley Williams (2010) Management of Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee. 92(4), 994-1009. https://doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.i.00895

Pylawka TK, Wimmer M, Cole BJ, Virdi AS, Williams JM (2007) Impaction affects cell viability in osteochondral tissues during transplantation. 20, 105-10.

L. Hangody, Z. Kárpáti (1994) New possibilities in the management of severe circumscribed cartilage damage in the knee. 37, 237-243.

Marcacci M, Kon E, Delcogliano M, Filardo G, Busacca M, Zaffagnini S (2007) Arthroscopic autologous osteochondral grafting for cartilage defects of the knee: prospective study results at a minimum 7-year follow-up. 35, 2014-21.

Pylawka TK, Virdi AS, Cole BJ, Williams JM (2008) Reversal of suppressed metabolism in prolonged cold preserved cartilage. 26, 247-254.

W. Bugbee (2002) Fresh osteochondral allografts. 15, 191-195.

M. Ghazavi, K. Pritzker, A. Davis, A. Gross (1997) FRESH OSTEOCHONDRAL ALLOGRAFTS FOR POST-TRAUMATIC OSTEOCHONDRAL DEFECTS OF THE KNEE. 79, 1008-1013.

Brittberg M, Peterson L, Sjögren-Jansson E, Tallheden T, Lindahl A (2003) Articular cartilage engineering with autologous chondrocyte transplantation A review of recent developments. 85, 109-115.

Peterson L, Brittberg M, Kiviranta I, Akerlund EL, Lindahl A (2002) Autologous chondrocyte transplantation Biomechanics and long-term durability. 30, 2-12.

Van D, Staes F, Van D, Vanlauwe J, Bellemans J, Saris DB, Luyten FP (2010) Autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture for knee cartilage injury: a prospective randomized trial, with 2-year follow-up. 18, 486-95.

Magnussen RA, Dunn WR, Carey JL, Spindler KP (2008) Treatment of focal articular cartilage defects in the knee: a systematic review. 466, 952-962.