High Grade Infiltrative Urothelial Carcinoma - Sarcomatoid Variant, A Rare Entity: Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

In the urinary bladder, majority of the neoplasms are of pure epithelial origin. In contrast pure mesenchymal tumors and biphasic epithelial-mesenchymal neoplasms, although documented, rarely occur at this site Heterologous carcinosarcomas (also called metaplastic carcinomas or sarcomatoid carcinomas with heterologous differentiation) are defined as biphasic tumors made up of a varying mixture of carcinomatous and heterologous sarcomatous components with abrupt or gradual transition between one component and the other. These are rare tumors and account for approximately 0.3% of all bladder malignancies with a poor prognosis. Because of its unfavorable histopathologic nature and also its rarity, not much is known about the various treatment options in these tumors. The overall 5 year cancer specific survival rate after cystectomy is only 20.3%.