An Extended Concept of Dental Caries and Update of Cariology Terminology
Keywords:
cariology, terminology, dental caries, dental caries lesion
Abstract
Recent terminology explains dental caries through an understanding of factors that interplay in its etiology; however, the focus is still overpowered by the disease at advanced stages. The aims: (1) extend the concept of dental caries, through the Dental Caries Integrated Ecological Hypothesis (DCIEH), to one that includes the complexity of the disease with its conjoint elements during development and progression, and (2) update cariology terminology. The term: dental caries corresponds to the disease, and dental caries lesion corresponds to the expression of the disease. Dental caries follows a sequence of progressive phases (mild to severe), characterized by microbiome dysbiosis of the dental biofilm, including the disturbance of the metabolic activity of its commensal microbiota, producing an acid-base imbalance. Dysbiosis is determined by the complex relationship of influential factors regulated by biological features, modulated by behavior, and conditioned by the environment. A severe chronic imbalance leads to complete oral homeostasis disruption echoed in a dynamic interaction between the tooth surface and the dental biofilm with subsequent mineral loss.
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2022-08-18
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