Duplex Ultrasound, Clinical Score, and D-Dimer to Rule in and Out Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) and Postthrombotic Syndrome (PTS): Bridging the Gap between DVT and PTS in the Primary Care and Hospital Setting

Dr. J. J. Michiels

Authors

Dr. J. J. Michiels

Keywords:

deep venous thrombosis, ultra sonography, post-thrombotic syndrome, elisa d-dimer, medical elasticstockings, anticoagulation

Abstract

First episodes of DVT in adults and elderly are elicited in two-thirds of cases by risk factors, including varicose veins, cancer, pregnancy/postpartum, oral contraceptives below the age of 50 years, immobility or surgery. Pain and tenderness in the calf and popliteal fossa may occur resulting from conditions labeled as alternative diagnosis (AD) including Baker's cyst, hematoma, or muscle tears or pulls. The requirement for a safe diagnostic strategy of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) should be based on an objective post-test incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) of less than 0.1% with a negative predictive value for exclusion of DVT of 99.90% during 3 months follow-up.

Downloads

How to Cite

Duplex Ultrasound, Clinical Score, and D-Dimer to Rule in and Out Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) and Postthrombotic Syndrome (PTS): Bridging the Gap between DVT and PTS in the Primary Care and Hospital Setting. (2014). Global Journal of Medical Research, 14(54), 29-46. https://medicalresearchjournal.org/index.php/GJMR/article/view/

Download Citation

References

J. Michiels (2005) Section Thrombophilia in: Thrombophilia and Venous Thromboembolism. International Consensus statement. Guidelines according to scientific evidence. 24, 1-26.

L. Tick, Mhh Kramer, F. Rosendaal, W. Faber, Cjm Doggen (2008) Risk factors for post‐thrombotic syndrome in patients with a first deep venous thrombosis. 6(12). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03180.x

Michiels JJ, Hamulyak K (1998) Laboratory Diagnosis of Hereditary Thrombophilia. 24(04), 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-996019

Gadisseur Michiels JJ, non-invasive tools (2005) Screening for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in outpatients with suspected DVT or PE by sequential use of clinical score: A sensitive quantitative Ddimer test and non-invasive diagnostic tools. 5, 351-64.

Gadisseur Michiels JJ, exclusion thrombosis (2005) A critical appraisal of non-invasive diagnosis and exclusion of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in in n outpatients with suspected deep vein thrombosis or si pulmonary embolism: how many tests do we need?. 24, 27-39.

Kearon C, Ginsberg JS, Douketis J, Crowther MA, Bates SM (2005) A Randomized Trial of Diagnostic Strategies after Normal Proximal Vein Ultrasonography for Suspected Deep Venous Thrombosis: d-Dimer Testing Compared with Repeated Ultrasonography. 142(7), 490-496. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-7-200504050-00007

Arnaud Perrier, Sylvie Desmarais, Marie-José Miron, Philippe De moerloose, Raymond Lepage, Daniel Slosman, Dominique Didier, Pierre-François Unger, Jean-Victor Patenaude, Henri Bounameaux (1999) Non-invasive diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in outpatients. 353(9148), 190-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(98)05248-9

R. Schutgens, P. Ackermark, F. Haas, H. Nieuwenhuis, H. Peltenburg, A. Pijlman, M. Pruijm, R. Oltmans, J. Kelder, D. Biesma (2003) Combination of a Normal D-Dimer Concentration and a Non-High Pretest Clinical Probability Score Is a Safe Strategy to Exclude Deep Venous Thrombosis. 107(4), 593-597. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000045670.12988.1e

R. Oudega, D. Toll, R. Bulten, A. Hoes, K. Moons (2006) Different cut-off levels for two D-Dimer assays to exclude deep vein thrombosis in primary care. 95, 744-746.

Michiels JJ, Moosdorff W, Maasland H, Michiels JM, Lao MU, Neumann HAM, Dulicek P, Stvrtinova V, Barth J, Palareti G (2014) Duplex ultrasonography, clinical score, thrombotic risk and D-dimertesting for evidence baseddiagnosis and management of deepve in thrombosis and alternative diagnoses in the primary care setting and out patientward. 33(1), 1-19.

Prandoni P, Lensing AWA, Cogo A (1996) The Long-Term Clinical Course of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis. 125(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-1-199607010-00001

Lensing Prandoni P (2002) Residual venous thrombosis as a predictive factor of recurrent venous thromboembolism. 137, 955-960.

Michiels JJ, Moosdorff W, Maasland H, Michiels JM, Lao MU, Neumann HAM, Dulicek P, Stvrtinova V, Palareti G (2014) Prospective Studies on Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), DVT Recurrence and the Post-Thrombotic Syndrome(PTS): From Concept toStudy Design in the Primary Care Setting. (3).

P. Prandoni, A. Lensing, M. Prins (2004) Prandoni P, Lensing A, Prins MH et al. 141, 249.

S. Siragusa (2008) 15. 112, 511-515.

Mark Meissner, Richard Manzo, Robert Bergelin, Arie Markel, D. Strandness (1993) Deep venous insufficiency: The relationship between lysis and subsequent reflux. 18(4), 596-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/0741-5214(93)90069-x

Arie Markel, Richard Manzo, Robert Bergelin, D. Strandness (1992) Valvular reflux after deep vein thrombosis: Incidence and time of occurrence. 15(2), 377-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/0741-5214(92)90259-b

Ten AJ, TenCate H, Tordoir J, Hamulyak K, Prins MH (2010) Individually tailored duration of elastic compression therapy in relation to incidence of the postthrombotic syndrome. 52(1), 132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2010.01.089

Le Gal Carrier, M. Kovacs, M. Betancourt, Smt Kahn, S. Wells, P. Anderson, D. Chagon, J. Solymoss, S. Crowther, M. Righini, M. Delluc, A. White, R. Vickars, L. Rodger, M. (2011) Residual vein obstruction as a predictor for recurrent thromboembolic events after a first unproved episode: data from the REVERSE study. 9, 1126-1132.

Palareti G, Cosmi B, Legnani C (2006) d -Dimer Testing to Determine the Duration of Anticoagulation Therapy. 355(17), 1780-1789. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa054444

Palareti G, Cosmi B, Legnani C, Antonucci E, De V (2014) D-dimer to guide the duration of anticoagulation in patients with venous thromboembolism: a management study. 124(2), 196-203. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-01-548065