Evaluation of the Incidence and Risk Factors of Nausea and Postoperative Vomiting in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeries

Abstract

The persistence of postoperative nausea and vomiting PONV episodes can cause further complications to the patient such as dehiscence of the surgical wound dehydration esophageal rupture hematoma hemorrhage and may even lead to death Considering its high incidence in surgical procedures of the face and oral cavity the present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of PONV episodes in oral and maxillofacial surgeries under general anesthesia as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with these episodes This analytical observational retrospective study was based on the documentary analysis of 200 medical records of patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial surgery at the Walter Cant dio University Hospital of the Federal University of Cear Data on patient profile and surgical procedures were collected PONV episodes were reported in 9 of cases with 100 occurring in the first 12 postoperative hours Non-smoking patients who underwent surgery via intraoral access lasting 3 hours or longer and with greater blood loss were more likely to experience PONV episodes The identification of patients at greater risk as well as the understanding of the impact that certain surgical procedures have on the occurrence of PONV are fundamental to plan and establish strategies to control PONV episodes