Abdominal Ganglionic Tuberculosis with Inferior Vena Cava and Common Iliac Vein Thrombosis- A Case Report

Abstract

Abdominal tuberculosis may show an unusual presentation. IVC thrombosis in abdominal TB is very rare. IVC thrombosis occurs due to Virchow#x2019;s triad- stasis, injury, and hypercoagulability. Acquired thrombosis of the IVC can occur secondary due to external compression, pathological changes within the vein wall, and spontaneous thrombosis within the normal vessel wall. IVC compression by retroperitoneal lymph nodes can distort IVC causing both venous stasis and turbulence, thus facilitating the formation of thrombus. In ganglionar form of tuberculosis, venous compression by lymph nodes can cause IVC thrombosis in the absence of any hemostatic abnormality. We report a case of a 60-year old female who presented with abdominal distension and swelling in the bilateral lower limbs for one month. Ultrasound detected ascites and lymphadenopathy at porta hepatis.