Intranasal Nystatin Therapy in Patients with Chronic Illness Associated with Mold and Mycotoxins

Joseph H. Brewer; Dennis Hooper; Shalini Muralidhar

Authors

Joseph H. Brewer
Dennis Hooper
Shalini Muralidhar

Keywords:

toxic mold, mycotoxin, chronic fatigue syndrome, intranasal antifungal therapy, nystatin

Abstract

We have previously reported that patients with chronic illness frequently had a history of prior exposure to water damaged buildings (WDB) and mold. These patients were found to have elevated levels of mycotoxins in the urine. We postulated that the mycotoxin producing molds colonize the sinuses of these patients and lead to chronic symptoms. In a recent observational analysis of patients treated with intranasal antifungal agents, either amphotericin B (AMB) or itraconazole (ITR), we showed that 94% of these patients improved clinically (AMB group). We also found that the urine mycotoxin levels decreased substantially in patients that improved on therapy. However, AMB was associated with local (nasal irritation) adverse effects (AE) in 34% of the cases, which resulted in discontinuation of therapy. The present study expands these treatment observations in which patients intolerant to AMB were treated with intranasal nystatin (NYS). We found very promising improvements with this agent as well. No local (nasal) AE were seen with NYS.

Downloads

How to Cite

Intranasal Nystatin Therapy in Patients with Chronic Illness Associated with Mold and Mycotoxins. (2015). Global Journal of Medical Research, 15(K5), 33-36. https://medicalresearchjournal.org/index.php/GJMR/article/view/1037

Download Citation

References

Jack Thrasher, Sandra Crawley (2009) The biocontaminants and complexity of damp indoor spaces: more than what meets the eyes. 25(9-10), 583-615.

J Brewer, J Thrasher, D Straus, R Madison, D Hooper (2013) Detection of mycotoxins in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. 5, 605-617.

Joseph Brewer, Jack Thrasher, Dennis Hooper (2014) Chronic Illness Associated with Mold and Mycotoxins: Is Naso-Sinus Fungal Biofilm the Culprit?. 6(1), 66-80.

J Brewer, D Hooper, S Muralidhar (2015) Intranasal antifungal therapy in chronic illness patients associated with mold and mycotoxins: An observational analysis. 15(1), 29-33.

Karen Oakley, Caroline Moore, David Denning (1999) Comparison of In Vitro Activity of Liposomal Nystatin against Aspergillus Species with Those of Nystatin, Amphotericin B (AB) Deoxycholate, AB Colloidal Dispersion, Liposomal AB, AB Lipid Complex, and Itraconazole. 43(5), 1264-1266.

(2013) Mycostatin Oral Suspension (Ready-mixed). Summary of product characteristics.

Emer Reeves, Thomas Murphy, Paul Daly, Kevin Kavanagh (2004) Amphotericin B enhances the synthesis and release of the immunosuppressive agent gliotoxin from the pulmonary pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. 53(8), 719-725.

Eilidh Mowat, John Butcher, Sue Lang, Craig Williams, Gordon Ramage (2007) Development of a simple model for studying the effects of antifungal agents on multicellular communities of Aspergillus fumigatus. 56(9), 1205-1212.