Massive Ascites Complicating Severe Preeclampsia : A Case Report

Abstract

Pre-eclampsia earlier known as Toxemia in pregnancy /pregnancy induced hypertension is primarily a endothelial disorder which is thought to be triggered by the placenta. 1 It affects about 4-8% of all pregnancies. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remains one of major component of the lethal triad in causing maternal mortality even in the era of modern obstetrics with the advent of newer management options and intensive care facilities being available. 2 The complications associated with pre-eclampsia are estimated to be around 20%. Complications like intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, renal failure, global haemolytic tendency, HELLP syndrome and maternal ascites are all found in pre-eclampsia. The finding of presence of fluid in various body cavities is due to increased endothelial permeability and microvasular damage which is not unusual. 3,4 Some amount of fluid in peritoneal cavity is seen frequently seen in pre-eclamptic women but presence of massive ascites is a rare complication and needs cautious management.