P.Vivax Malaria : A Benign Disease with Emerging Complications

Abstract

Background Malaria is an endemic disease in India It is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by genus Plasmodium Complications usually occur with P falciparum its occurrence has been rarely reported in cases of P vivax malaria We observe 107 patients with P vivax malaria who developed complications in the form of Thrombocytopenia Acute kidney injury hyperbillirubinemia cerebral malaria a rare presentation in P vivax malaria Objectives As the burden of P vivax malaria is progressively increasing in community this study has been carried out to find out various complications in P vivax malaria which is considered as a benign entity Methods We prospectively enrolled 150 patients hospitalized in C U Shah hospital of P vivax infection on initial microscopy with complications over a two year period Hematological biochemical serological radiological investigations are performed to identify complications Results As per study burden of P vivax 67 is more in community as compared to P falciparum 33 Out of 150 patients of P vivax malaria 107 patients were having various complications in the form of Thrombocytopenia 71 33 Anemia 10 hyperbillirubinemia 8 67 Acute renal failure 8 and cerebral malaria 1 33 in their respective order Most common complication is thromb-ocytopenia Male gender is more prone to develop complicated P vivax malaria than female with unknown reason Conclusion As per observations P vivax malaria is no more benign disease P vivax can be presented with various complications and as far as thrombocytopenia is concern it has a favorable prognosis and does not require platelet transfusion regularly except sequel is present