Gingival Diseases in Childhood- A Review

Abstract

Children are exposed to various gingival diseases, similar to those found in adults, yet differ in some aspects. These diseases could be plaque or non-plaque induced, familial, or may be associated with a systemic condition. It is crucial to diagnose and manage gingival diseases as early as possible as they have the potential to further progress, causing a severe breakdown of periodontal support. Consequently, the final result may lead to tooth loss at an early age, which in turn will affect the nutrition and overall development of a pediatric patient. Therefore, greater emphasis is given to the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of gingival disease in children. As a dentist, it is necessary to be able to distinguish and differentiate all possible gingival conditions to successfully manage them. By establishing excellent oral hygiene habits in children, which will carry over to adulthood, the risk of periodontal disease is lowered. This paper will review various gingival conditions that are found in children, their main clinical features and management.